1.1 The Skeletal System Flashcards
1.1.8 Outline the features of a synovial joint
The femur is _______ to the patella?
Proximal
1.1.7
Distinguish between the different types of joint in relation to movement permitted.
Name the 4 TYPES of bone.
1.9 List the different types of synovial joints
1. Ball and socket
Example: hip & shoulder
2. Pivot
Example: the atlas, and axis at the top of the cervical vertebrae.
3. Saddle Joints.
Example: The thumb is the only one in the entire body.
4. Hinge Joints
Example: Elbow and knee
5. Condyloid Joints
Examples: between the metacarpals and phalanges in the hand.
6. Gliding Joints
Examples: between the carpals in the hand and tarsals in the ankle.
The radius is _________ to the ulna.
Lateral
Give an example of a Condyloid Joint and describe its movement.
Condyloid Joints have an oval-shaped bone end which fits into a correspondingly shaped bone end. They allow forwards, backward, left and right movement, but not rotation.
Examples: between the metacarpals and phalanges in the hand.
Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeleton in terms of function
The axial skeleton’s function is about protection.
- The cranium and ribcage are built in a way to protect the body’s vital organs (brain. heart & lungs). While the vertebral column (spine) does move, its movements are somewhat limited (cartilaginous joint), and it also incases the spinal cord (protection)*
- The axial skeletons’ bones form mainly fibrous and cartilaginous joints. These joints either don’t move (fibrous) or move very little (cartilaginous)*
The appendicular skeleton is made up of all the bones that form the body’s limbs (appendices)
The joints of the appendcular skeleton are all different types of synovial joints. (joints with the most movement)
Name 3 irregular bones.
Vertebrae,
Sacrum
Mandible
The carpals are _______ to the humerus
A. Inferior
B. Distal
C. Medial
D. Proximal
B. Distal
Distal and not inferior because distal and proximal is the terminology used when speaking about the limbs.
The mandible is ________ to the cranium.
Inferior
Which of the following bones is a part of the appendicular skeleton?
A. Vertebrae
B. Sternum
C. Skull
D. Humerus
D.
Humerus
Draw and annotate the structure of a long bone.
Name 4 flat bones
Scapula (shoulder blade).
The Sternum (breast bone),
Cranium (skull),
Pelvis
Ribs
Name 4 long bones.
Femur
Humerus
Tibia
Fibula
Metacarpals, Metatarsals, and Phalanges.