1.1 The particle theory of matter Flashcards
(49 cards)
how many states of matter are there?
there are 3 states of matter
explain the solid state
when a substance is in the solid state, the particles touch each other and are in a regular pattern. they don’t moved around, and are strongly attracted to each other.
explain the liquid state
when a substance is in the liquid state, the particles move around in and out of each other, and are strongly attracted to each other, but not in a regular pattern.
explain the gas state
when a substance is in the gas sate, the particles don’t touch each other. the force between the particles are very weak. the particles move fast in all directions, there is no regular pattern.
what is compressing?
you can compress a substance when it is in the gas state because the particles get closer together.
what is expanding?
expanding is when a substance is in the gas or liquid state and as it gets hotter, the particles move apart.
what is contracting?
when a substance in the solid or liquid state cools, its particles vibrate or move more slowly.
how does a substance in the liquid stay become gas?
by boiling or evaporating
when does evaporation happen?
evaporation happens when particles leave the surface of a liquid. the particles spread out to form a gas. it can happen at any tempreture.
When does boiling happen?
boiling occurs through the whole of a liquid. when you heat a beaker of water in the gas from thought the liquid
define boiling point
The temperature at which a substance boils is its boiling point.
How does a substance change from a gas to a liquid?
through condensation.
What is melting?
The change of state from solid to liquid is called melting
what is a pure substance?
a pure substance has nothing mixed in it.
define freezing
freezing is the opposite of melting. It is the change of state from liquid to solid
define melting
the change of state from solid to liquid.
define melting point.
the temperature at what a substance melts is its melting point.
Explain how can you tell if a substance is pure?
if a substances melting point is sharp, it will likely be pure (no other substance mixed it in)
if a substances melting point is over a rang of temperatures, it is likely that it is unpure. (mixed with other substances)
describe solubility.
the limit to the mass of a substance that dissolves in 100g of water. the more soluble that resolves in a substance the higher solubility.
define materials
materials are the types of matter things are made of. eg- wood and cotton.
