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NPLQ renewal revision > 1.1 - The Lifeguard and the Law > Flashcards

1.1 - The Lifeguard and the Law Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of the lifeguard?

A

To maintain a safe and healthy environment for swimmers.

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2
Q

How can a lifeguard fulfil their role? (7 ways)

A
  1. Maintaining a positive attitude
  2. Being professional
  3. Maintaining observation
  4. Providing good supervision
  5. Early intervention
  6. Accident prevention
  7. Rescue
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3
Q

What is accountability?

A

When something goes wrong, the law asks whether or not your actions were effective or ineffective and whether or not you adhered to your training and pool procedures.

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4
Q

How can a lifeguard be held accountable for their actions?

A

By always adhering to their training.

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5
Q

True or False? : There is not a direct law relating to the management of swimming pools.

A

True - There is no direct law relating to the management of swimming pools.

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6
Q

What is the main piece of legislation that applies to lifeguarding?

A

The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974

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7
Q

What are the implications of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 on lifeguards? (7 points)

A
  1. To take reasonable care of the health and safety of themselves and others.
  2. To contribute to safety arrangements and the development of PSOP.
  3. To immediately report any loss or defect in PPE.
  4. To cooperate with their employers to enable them to carry out their responsibilities.
  5. To not interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health and safety.
  6. To adhere to your training and instruction when carrying out tasks.
  7. To notify your employer of any serious dangers to health and safety.
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8
Q

What are the implications of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 on your employer? (5 points)

A
  1. To protect the health, safety and welfare of employees and members of the public using the facility.
  2. To provide good training and supervision.
  3. To regularly carry out and review risk assessments.
  4. To develop PSOP and ensure all employees adhere to them.
  5. To provide and maintain safe and healthy working conditions, equipment and systems of work.
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9
Q

What section of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 relates to your responsibilities as an employee?

A

s.2

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10
Q

What section of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 relates to your employer’s responsibilities?

A

s.3

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11
Q

What is the overarching source of law in the UK?

A

Acts of Parliament

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12
Q

What allows for regulations to be made and enacted in law?

A

The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974

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13
Q

What are the 5 types of legal authorities relating to health and safety in the UK?

A
  1. Acts
  2. Regulations
  3. Guidance on Swimming Pool Management
  4. British and European Standards
  5. Industry guidance
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14
Q

What is the HSE document relating to the management of swimming pools?

A

HSG 179 - Managing Health and Safety in Swimming Pools

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15
Q

Is HSE guidance law?

A

No - but it can be used in court to consider whether or not operators have complied with acts and regulations.

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16
Q

What are British and European Standards?

A

Technical standards which buildings and equipment should be designed by.

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17
Q

Are British and European Standards law?

A

No - but they can assist operators in demonstrating that they have taken the necessary measures to comply with the legislation.

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18
Q

What is industry guidance?

A

Industry populations that assist operators in deciding what arrangements to have in place.

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19
Q

Is industry guidance law?

A

No.

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20
Q

Give an example of a British and European Standard that applies to lifeguarding.

A

BS EN 15288

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21
Q

What Acts of Parliament apply to lifeguarding? (5 Acts)

A
  1. Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974
  2. Corporate Manslaughter and Homicide Act 2007
  3. Health and Safety (Offences) Act 2008
  4. Equality Act 2010
  5. Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006
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22
Q

What are the implications of the Corporate Manslaughter and Homicide Act 2007?

A

Companies can be found guilty of corporate manslaughter as a result of serious management failures leading to a gross breach of a duty of care resulting in death.

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23
Q

What are the implications of the Health and Safety (Offences) Act 2008?

A

Courts are given greater sentencing powers for those who break health and safety laws, including greater fines and even prison sentences.

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24
Q

What are the implications of the Equality Act 2010?

A

Disabled people are given protection against discrimination.

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25
Q

Besides disabled people, who else does the Equality Act 2010 protect?

A

Carers and those wrongly perceived to have a disability.

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26
Q

What section of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 requires you as an employee to take reasonable care of yourself and anyone else affected by their actions?

A

s.7

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27
Q

What are the implications of the Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006?

A

A vetting and barring scheme is put in place for people who work with children and vulnerable adults.

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28
Q

What are the 9 regulations that apply to lifeguarding?

A
  1. Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999
  2. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
  3. Restriction, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals 2008
  4. First Aid at Work Regulations 1981
  5. Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992
  6. Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992
  7. Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996
  8. Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
  9. Fire Regulations
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29
Q

What are the implications of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999?

A

Your employer must have adequate risk assessments, health and safety arrangements and provide adequate training. You as an employee must cooperate with them.

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30
Q

Which regulation of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 relates to risk assessments?

A

Regulation 3

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31
Q

Which regulation of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 relates to health and safety arrangements (i.e. NOP)?

A

Regulation 5

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32
Q

Which regulation of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 relates to arrangements for serious imminent danger (i.e. EAP)?

A

Regulation 8

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33
Q

Which regulation of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 relates to contact with external services (i.e. EAP)?

A

Regulation 9

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34
Q

Which regulation of the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 relates to training?

A

Regulation 13

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35
Q

What are the implications of the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002?

A

Employers must control substances hazardous to health. They must put in place procedures to reduce the risk of harm.

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36
Q

What are the implications of the First Aid at Work Regulations 1981?

A

Employers must provide first aid equipment and first-aid qualified staff.

37
Q

What are the implications of the Manual Handling operations Regulations 1992?

A

Advice is given on how to reduce the risk of a manual handling injury.

38
Q

What types of manual handling are there? (5 types)

A
  1. Lifting
  2. Lowering
  3. Pushing
  4. Pulling
  5. Carrying
39
Q

What are the implications of the Personal Protective Equipment Regulations 1992?

A

PPE equipment must be supplied and used at work where there is a risk. PPE should be in a good state.

40
Q

What are the implications of the Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996?

A

Employers must use a safety sign where there is a significant risk to health and safety that has not been avoided by other methods.

41
Q

What does a red sign signify?

A

Prohibition

42
Q

What does a yellow sign signify?

A

Warning

43
Q

What does a blue sign signify?

A

Mandatory

44
Q

What does a green sign signify?

A

Emergency escape or first-aid

45
Q

What are the implications of the Electricity at Work Regulations 1989?

A

Employers must develop procedures, registers and testing mechanisms for any equipment powered by electricity.

46
Q

What are the implications of Fire Regulations?

A

Your employer must carry out fire safety risk assessments and maintain a fire management plan.

47
Q

Give an example of a fire regulation.

A

Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005

48
Q

What 3 British and European Standards apply to lifeguarding?

A
  1. BS EN 15288 Part 1 (Swimming pool safety requirements for design)
  2. BS EN 15288 Part 2 (Swimming pool safety requirements for operation)
  3. BS EN 13451 (Swimming pool equipment, general safety requirements and test methods)
49
Q

Who is responsible for maintaining standards?

A

You personally

50
Q

What are the benefits of teamwork? (2 benefits)

A
  1. Better efficiency

2. Having a team gives you more confidence in a rescue.

51
Q

When working in a team, what is it important to ensure?

A

Consistency

52
Q

What are the internationally recognised colours of a lifeguard?

A

Red and yellow

53
Q

Why is having a distinguishable uniform important for lifeguards?

A

It makes lifeguards easily recognisable in a rescue so that the public know who to alert.

54
Q

What is it important to remove as part of your uniform, and why?

A

Jewellery - it could potentially cause an injury to you, your colleagues or to a casualty.

55
Q

What 7 strategies can a lifeguard use to prevent a misunderstanding from developing in a potential discipline problem?

A
  1. Be approachable and smile
  2. Establish eye contact
  3. Be courteous, calm but firm
  4. Give reasons for any guidance or instruction
  5. Do not display anger or use inappropriate language
  6. Never try to intimidate pool users
  7. Remain calm
56
Q

What is it important to maintain when interacting with customers?

A

Supervision

57
Q

What should the customer perception of a lifeguard be? (7 qualities)

A

They …

  1. Save lives
  2. Give peace of mind
  3. Are professional and reliable
  4. Offer excellent customer service
  5. Are a centre representative
  6. Are friendly
  7. Can advise swimmers
58
Q

What are the negative perceptions of a lifeguard? (6 qualities)

A

They …

  1. Are a baby-sitter
  2. Prevent swimmers from having fun
  3. Are whistle-blowers and health and safety enforcers
  4. Are lazy
  5. Are daydreamers
  6. Are unprofessional
59
Q

Give 9 examples of poor and unprofessional activities.

A
  1. Lack of respect for customers and staff
  2. Unnecessary conversations with customers or staff whilst on pool
  3. Being distracted by public or staff whilst on pool
  4. Using personal devices such as phones or smart watches
  5. Chewing gum
  6. Untidy uniform
  7. Not standing in the appropriate place
  8. Poor body language
  9. Coming into work tired or hung-over
60
Q

When dealing with a complaint, what it is important to assume?

A

The customer is genuinely upset with something, they are not just being awkward.

61
Q

What 8 strategies can you use when dealing with a complaint?

A
  1. Listen carefully without interruption
  2. Ask questions for more details
  3. Be sympathetic (but not patronising)
  4. Recap the issue to show that you understood
  5. Apologise without pointing the blame
  6. Explain what action you are going to take, how and when.
  7. Check that the promised action has been carried out.
  8. Be polite, positive and professional.
62
Q

When dealing with a complaint, what does the customer not want to hear?

A

Excuses - they just want the problem to be resolved.

63
Q

What should you do when dealing with a complaint on poolside?

A

Call for your duty officer to ensure that the needs of the customer and supervision of the pool are both met.

64
Q

Where can the policy concerning dealing with the public be found?

A

In the PSOP.

65
Q

Once a lifeguard has passed their qualification, what is it important for the pool operator to provide (7 things)

A
  1. Induction training
  2. Job description
  3. Uniform
  4. Equipment
  5. Contract of employment
  6. Rota of work
  7. Training plan
66
Q

What does the pool operator have a legal obligation to provide when you begin work at a facility?

A

An induction

67
Q

What are the 6 essential areas covered by an induction?

A
  1. Employment information
  2. Facility operations
  3. Staffing arrangements
  4. Basic health and safety information
  5. Normal Operating Plan (NOP)
  6. Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
68
Q

When carrying out a poolside orientation, what does the RLSS recommends a trainee lifeguard does? (3 things)

A
  1. Do not distract lifeguards
  2. Do not wear a lifeguard uniform
  3. Do not stand directly next to lifeguards
69
Q

What is the purpose of a Poolside Orientation Sheet?

A

For the pool operator to check your competence, as well as give you the opportunity to ask any questions relating to the pool.

70
Q

The IQL Ongoing Lifeguard Training and Competency Assessment Plan ensures that the full content of the NPLQ and PSOP are covered every how many months?

A

6 months

71
Q

What does PSOP stand for?

A

Pool Safety Operating Procedures

72
Q

What are the 2 documents that make up a PSOP?

A
  1. Normal Operating Plan (NOP)

2. Emergency Action Plan (EAP)

73
Q

What does NOP stand for?

A

Normal Operating Plan

74
Q

What does EAP stand for?

A

Emergency Action Plan

75
Q

What does a NOP outline?

A

The safe day-to-day running of the building.

76
Q

What does the EAP outline?

A

What to do in an emergency situation.

77
Q

Which piece of guidance advises on the existence of an NOP and EAP?

A

HSG 179 - ‘Managing Health and Safety in Swimming Pools’

78
Q

What does HSG 179 detail in relation to PSOP?

A

Advised minimum headings for the PSOP

79
Q

What 10 things can be found in a NOP?

A
  1. Details of the pool
  2. Potential risk
  3. Dealing with the public
  4. Lifeguard duties and responsibilities
  5. Systems of work
  6. Operational systems
  7. Detailed working instructions
  8. First aid supplies and training
  9. Details of emergency alarms and equipment
  10. Conditions of hire to outside organisations
80
Q

What 10 emergencies can be found in an EAP?

A
  1. Overcrowding
  2. Disorderly behaviour and violence
  3. Lack of water clarity
  4. Outbreak of fire
  5. Bomb threat
  6. Lighting failure
  7. Structural failure
  8. Emission of toxic gases
  9. Serious injury to bathers
  10. Discovery of a casualty in the water
81
Q

What other policies and procedures will be in place besides the PSOP?

A
  1. Safeguarding

2. Equality and diversity

82
Q

What is equality?

A

Treating everybody fairly.

83
Q

What is diversity?

A

Recognising, respecting and valuing people’s differences.

84
Q

How can lifeguards promote equality and diversity?

A

Treat everybody fairly.

85
Q

What does PTSD stand for?

A

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

86
Q

What is the prevalence of PTSD among people who experience of witness traumatic events?

A

30%

87
Q

What causes PTSD?

A

Seeing something very distressing or frightening.

88
Q

What are the symptoms of PTSD? (4 symptoms)

A
  1. Flashbacks
  2. Nightmares
  3. Sleeping problems
  4. Feeling of isolation

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