1.1 - Structure Of The DNA

Question 1

Prokaryotic Cell

Answer 1

Circular chromosomes with no nuclear membrane

Extra circular DNA called plasmids

E.g. Bacteria

Question 2

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 2

Linear chromosomes tightly coiled and packaged with proteins called histones

DNA is within a nuclear membrane

Circular chromosomes found in mitochondria and chloroplasts

E.g. plant and animal cells

Question 3

What are the 4 DNA bases

Answer 3

Adenine - A
Thymine - T
Cytosine - C
Guanine - G

A bonds with T and C bonds with G, forming weak hydrogen bonds. These are known as complementary base pairs

Question 4

DNA nucleotide

Answer 4

Phosphate
Deoxyribose sugar
Base

Strong chemical bond between phosphate of one nucleotide and the carbon of the deoxyribose sugar of another.

This forms a permanent strand called the sugar-phosphate backbone