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PE paper 1 > 1.1- skeletal system > Flashcards

1.1- skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What is the structure of a ligament?

A

A tough band of slightly elastic connective tissue

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2
Q

What is the function of a ligament?

A

Connects bone to bone, stabilises joints during movement

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3
Q

What is the structure of synovial fluid?

A

Lubricating liquid containing within the joint cavity

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4
Q

What is the function of synovial fluid?

A

Reduces friction and nourishes articular cartilage

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5
Q

What is the structure of articular cartilage?

A

Smooth tissue which covers the surface of articulating bones

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6
Q

What is the function of articular cartilage?

A

Absorbs shock and allows friction free movement

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7
Q

What is the structure of a joint capsule?

A

A fibrous sac with an inner synovial membrane

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8
Q

What is the function of a joint capsule?

A

Encloses and strengthens the joint secreting synovial fluid

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9
Q

What is the structure of a bursa?

A

A closed, fluid filled sac found where tendons rub over bones

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10
Q

What is the function of a bursa?

A

Reduce friction between tendons and bones

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11
Q

What is the function of the pad of fat?

A

Acts as a buffer to protect bones from wear and tear.

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12
Q

What is the function of the synovial membrane?

A

Acts as a lining to joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid

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13
Q

Image of knee joint in phone album

A
  1. quadricep muscle 2. tendon of quadricep 3. synovial fluid 4. pre-patella 5. bursa 6. patella 7. articular cartilage 8. pad of fat 9. menisci 10. bursa 11. ligaments 12. femur 13. synovial membrane 14. joint capsule 15. ligament 16. tibia
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14
Q

Image of elbow joint in phone album

A
  1. Humerus 2. Joint cavity 3. Radius 4. Ulna 5. Articular cartilage 6. Joint capsule
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15
Q

Explain the sagittal plane

A

Lies vertically. It divides the body into left and right parts from the medial (midline) to the lateral (outside)

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16
Q

Explain the frontal plane

A

Lies vertically. It divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts

17
Q

Explain the transverse plane

A

Lies horizontally. It divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.

18
Q

What movements happen in the frontal plane?

A

Adduction/ abduction

19
Q

What movements happen in the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion/ extension

20
Q

What movements happen in the transverse plane?

A

Rotational movements, horizontal flexion and horizontal extension

21
Q

Articulating bones at the ankle

A

Tibia, fibula, talus

22
Q

Articulating bones at the knee

A

Tibia, fibula, femur

23
Q

Articulating bones at the hip

A

Femur, pelvis

24
Q

Articulating bones at the shoulder

A

Scapula, humerus

PE paper 1 (4 decks)

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