11 Regulation of Serum Potassium Flashcards
Where is potassium excreted in the body?
Kidneys 80%
Bowel 20%
Explain why insulin might be used to treat hyperkalaemia?
Pushes K+ out of blood and into cells
What is the normal range for serum potassium K+ levels?
3.5-5.5 mmol/L
(Most body potassium= intracellular 140mmol/L)
How much potassium do we require daily?
1 mmol per kg per day
What foods contain potassium?
What changes occur to an ECG as a result of hyperkalaemia?
What symptoms are caused by hypokalaemia?
How much potassium is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubule?
67% K+
What is furosemide used for and what does it do?
Loop diuretic
Block NaKCl2 channels in ascending liimb of loop of henle
Can cause hypokalaemia as not K+ sparing like spironolactone which block ROMK
What effect does aldosterone have on potassium in the kidney? How does spinolactone work?
Stimulates potassium secretion into the lumen (in DCT)
Spinolactone blocks aldosterone- spares potassium wastage
What is the normal range for potassium concentration in urine?
Where in the nephron is potassium reabsorbed and where is it excreted?
Numbers 1-5 indicate a site of action for diuretics. Name a group/specific diuretic which acts at each site.
Identify some causes of hyperkalaemia:
Spinolactone=potassium sparing diuretic
How can hyperkalaemia be treated? (immediate(3) and longterm (5))
What are the causes of hypokalaemia?
