1.1 PSY I - History of Psychiatry

Question 1

Psychiatry is a medical specialty devoted to _____

Answer 1

the study, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental disorders.

Question 2

3 major differences between Psychiatrists and Psychologists.

Answer 2

Psychiatrists:

1) Completed 4 years of medical school
2) Can diagnose other medical illnesses
3) Can prescribe medications

Question 3

Ancient procedure where a hole is made in the patient’s skull in the belief that evil spirits would leave the brain.

Answer 3

Trepanation

Question 4

Beliefs of 2000 BC regarding mental illness

Answer 4

Demons and devil possess the individual and causes him/her to act in destructive ways.

Question 5

Ancient document that describes illnesses which sounds like depression, dementia, and schizophrenia.

Answer 5

Ebers Papyrus

Question 6

Ebers Papyrus (state the approximate year)

Answer 6

1500 BC

Question 7

Theorized that temperaments depended on 4 humors of the body.

Answer 7

Hippocrates

Question 8

Define: Somatization. (460 BC)

Answer 8

Blaming body parts

Question 9

Enumerate: 4 Humors of the Body

Answer 9

1) Black Bile (Melancholic)
2) Yellow Bile (Choleric)
3) Phlegm (Phlegmatic)
4) Blood (Sanguine)

Question 10

If you are described as moody, anxious, or pessimistic, you are most likely abundant in which of the 4 humors of the body?

Answer 10

Black Bile (Melancholic)

Question 11

If you are described as sociable, outgoing, carefree, you are most likely abundant in which of the 4 humors of the body?

Answer 11

Blood (Sanguine)

Question 12

If you are abundant in Yellow Bile, you are most likely to be described as?

Answer 12

Touchy, Restless, Optimistic, Impulsive

Question 13

If you are abundant in Phlegm, you are most likely to be described as?

Answer 13

Passive, Controlled, Careful

Question 14

Define: Hysteria (460 BC)

Answer 14

Uncontrollable outburst of emotion or fear

Question 15

Treatment prescribed for Hysteria (460 BC)

Answer 15

Marriage and Sex, OR luring the uterus back using scents

Question 16

Identify Philosopher: Depression is caused by an accumulation of black bile. (200 AD)

Answer 16

Galen

Question 17

Galen: Treatments for accumulation of black bile.

Answer 17

Blood-letting, purging, diets, exercise, and intentional contraction of malaria.

Question 18

Fall of the Roman Empire (410 AD) is characterized by:

Answer 18

The decline of scientific knowledge about mental illnesses, along with the return to supernatural and demonological explanations.

Question 19

Define: Lunacy (410 AD)

Answer 19

Phenomenon wherein a full moon can drive humans and animals to become wild, aggressive, and irritable.

-Note: Not based on scientific evidence

Question 20

705 AD

Answer 20

Year the first psychiatric hospitals were established.

Question 21

Location of the first hospital.

Answer 21

Baghdad

Question 22

Oldest psychiatric hospital in Europe. (1247 AD)

Answer 22

Bethlehem (Bedlam) Hospital

Question 23

Describe patient care in Bedlam Hospital.

Answer 23

Patients treated inhumanely and underwent torture for treatment.

-Note: Elite people pay to visit and ridicule patients.

Question 24

Malleus Maleficarum (1500 AD)

Answer 24

A published manual of how to torture someone into confessing that she is a witch.

Question 25

Treatment utilized by Paracelsus for mental illness.

Answer 25

Insane people were burned at the stakes.

Question 26

T/F: Torture and murder of the mentally ill were justified by the scriptural association of madness with evil (1500 AD)

Answer 26

TRUE -Note: Leviticus - "A man or woman that hath a familiar spirit or that is a wizard, shall surely be put to death."

Question 27

1518 AD

Answer 27

King Henry VII founded the Royal College of Physicians to protect the public from unregulated and unqualified quacks.

Question 28

1650-1950 AD

Answer 28

Asylum Era

Question 29

Key to recovery during the Asylum Era.

Answer 29

Punishment

Question 30

Beliefs of the 19th Century regarding mental illness

Answer 30

Mental illness is the result of pooling of blood in the brain

Question 31

Enumerate the primary psychiatric treatments of the 19th century.

Answer 31

1) Whirling Chair 2) Tranquilizer Chair 3) Hydrotherapy 4) Extensive use of emetics and purgatives

Question 32

Inventor of the Tranquilizer Chair (1760 AD)

Answer 32

Benjamin Rush

Question 33

Believed in the improvement of living conditions of patients in asylums, and humane ways of managing these patients. (1792 AD)

Answer 33

Philippe Pinel

Question 34

Coined the term "Psychiatry" (1808 AD)

Answer 34

Johann Christian Reil

Question 35

Believed brain diseases were responsible for mental illness, and that heredity and upbringing is important in the genesis of mental illness. (1820 AD)

Answer 35

Wilheim Griesinger

Question 36

Abolished mechanical restraints at Hanwell Asylum. (1839 AD)

Answer 36

John Conolly

Question 37

Year the Royal College of Psychiatrists was founded.

Answer 37

1841 AD

Question 38

Coined "Dementia praecox" (1896 AD)

Answer 38

Emil Kraeplin

Question 39

Father of Psychotherapy (1897 AD)

Answer 39

Sigmund Freud

Question 40

Coined the term "Schizophrenia" (1911 AD)

Answer 40

Eugene Bleuler

Question 41

Eugene Bleuler. (1911 AD)

Answer 41

Concentrated on diagnosing schizophrenia, and was the first to rank its symptoms.

Question 42

Carl Jung (1912 AD)

Answer 42

Developed own theories of the subconscious because not everything could be related to sex.

Question 43

Published the "Statistical Manual for the Use of Institution for the Insane" (1917 AD)

Answer 43

The American Psychiatric Association

Question 44

Describe: Insulin-coma therapy (1930's AD)

Answer 44

Patient is given a high amount of insulin to make the decrease their blood sugar in order to induce seizures.

Question 45

Treatment used to decrease hallucinations (1935 AD)

Answer 45

Prefrontal lobotomy

Question 46

Inventor of electroconvulsive therapy, with renewed hopes that physical treatments could cure mental illness (1938 AD)

Answer 46

Ugo Cerletti

Question 47

Observed effects of Lithium salts on guinea pigs (1948 AD)

Answer 47

John Cade

Question 48

Approved by the FDA for treatment of mania (1970 AD)

Answer 48

Lithium salts

Question 49

Discovered and used for the treatment of psychosis, becoming the first anti-psychotic (1951 AD)

Answer 49

Chloropromazine

Question 50

Discovered Chloropromazine (1951 AD)

Answer 50

Paul Charpentier

Question 51

1952 AD

Answer 51

The creation of the first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) for mental disorders. -Note: Current edition: DSM 5

Question 52

Describe: Axis I (DSM IV Classification)

Answer 52

Lists the major psychiatric disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, and drug dependence.

Question 53

DSM IV Classification that includes personality disorders, train, defense mechanism.

Answer 53

Axis II

Question 54

DSM IV Classification that includes rating of a person's overall function, rated from 0 to 100.

Answer 54

Axis V

Question 55

Describe: Axis IV (DSM IV Classification)

Answer 55

Compounding factors precipitating the current disease.

Question 56

Describe: Axis III (DSM IV Classification)

Answer 56

Concurrent physical disorder.

Question 57

Obeisity would fall under which DSM Axis?

Answer 57

Axis IV

Question 58

Major Depressive disorder would fall under which DSM Axis?

Answer 58

Axis I

Question 59

Non-accidental ingestion of Paracetamol (30 tabs) would fall under which DSM Axis?

Answer 59

Axis III

Question 60

Are you a campfire?

Answer 60

..cause you are hot and I want s'more. ;)