1.1 pathogens Flashcards
1
Q
What is disease?
A
A description of symptoms which has an effect on good health. Mental, physical and social aspects.
2
Q
How can a microorganism be considered a pathogen?
A
- gain entry to the host
- colonise the tissues of the host
- resist the defences of the host
- cause damage to the host tissue
3
Q
Pathogens are..
A
Bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
4
Q
When a pathogen is transferred from one individual to another it is known as..
A
Transmission.
5
Q
Two common entry points for microorganisms?
A
- Gas exchange system, through gas exchange surfaces.
- Digestive system, by food and water.
6
Q
Three defences of the body to prevent entry of pathogens.
A
- mucous layer, covering exchange surfaces
- enzymes that break down pathogens
- stomach acids that kills microorganisms
7
Q
How do pathogens cause disease? Two main ways:
A
- By damaging host tissues. Many pathogens break down the membranes of the host cells.
- By producing toxins.
