11 - Organic Chem Flashcards
Hydrocarbons
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen only
Homologous series
A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of CH2
Functional group
The part of the organic molecule that is largely responsible for the molecules chemical properties
Aldehyde
CHO - al
Ketone
CO -one
Carboxylique
COOH -oic acid
Ester
COO -oate
Acyl chloride
COCl -oyl chloride
Amine
NH2 amino— amine
Nitrile
C=- N - nitrile
Carboxylique general formula
CnH2nO2
Ketone general formula
CnH2nO
Structural isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
Homolytic
When each of the bonded atoms take one of the shared pairs of electrons.
- get radical
What is a radical
An atom or group of atoms with an unpaired single electron
Heterolytic
Only one of the bonded atoms takes both of the electrons from the bond, leaving one + and one with -
Types of reactions
- addition
- substitution
- elimination
Électrophile
The atom that accepts the shared pair of electrons to form a dative bond
Neucliophile
The atom that gives its two electrons to form a dative bond
What is a stereoisomer
Compounds with same structural formula but different arrangement of atoms in a space
I.e E/Z are stéréo
What do curly arrows show in a reaction
Movement of an electron pair
