1.1 Musculoskelular System

Question 1

Articulating bones

Answer 1

Where 2 or more bones meet at a joint.

Question 2

Joint

Answer 2

A connection point between 2 bones where movement occurs.

Question 3

Abduction

Answer 3

Movement away from the middle of the body- such as the shoulder.

Question 4

Adduction

Answer 4

Movement towards the midline of the body- such as at the shoulder.

Question 5

Flexion

Answer 5

Decreasing the angle of bones at a joint.

Question 6

Extension

Answer 6

Increasing the angle of bones at a joint.

Question 7

Plantar flexion

Answer 7

Pointing the toes at the ankle/ increasing the ankle angle.

Question 8

Rotation

Answer 8

Movement around an axis- such as at the shoulder.

Question 9

Head/neck

Answer 9

Cranium and vertebrae

Question 10

Shoulder

Answer 10

Scapula and humerus

Question 11

Chest

Answer 11

Ribs and sternum

Question 12

Elbow

Answer 12

Humerus, radius and ulna

Question 13

Hip

Answer 13

Pelvis and femur

Question 14

Knee

Answer 14

Femur and tibia (patella sits in front of the knee joint)

Question 15

Ankle

Answer 15

Tibia, fibula and talus

Question 16

Short bones enable

Answer 16

Finer controlled movements

Question 17

Long bones enable

Answer 17

Gross movements

Question 18

Flat bones are for

Answer 18

The protection of vital organs

Question 19

Skeleton provides a

Answer 19

Point of attachment for muscles

Question 20

ROM

Answer 20

Is the measurement of the amount of movement around a specific joint or body part

Question 21

7 functions of the skeleton:

Answer 21

Movement
Protection
Attachment
Storage of minerals
Support
Shape
Production of blood cells

Question 22

Storage of minerals

Answer 22

Minerals can be released from bone to ensure essential chemical reactions, bones store 90% of calcium as well as minerals in the bone marrow.

Question 23

Shape

Answer 23

Slight skeletal differences determine favoured sport

Question 24

Extension

Answer 24

Where the angle between 2 bones increases

Question 25

Circumduction

Answer 25

Movement up, down, forwards and backwards

Question 26

Dorsi flexion

Answer 26

Movement where toes are pulled towards the knee (ankle only)

Question 27

Ligaments

Answer 27

Bands of fibres that are attached to the bones and link the joints together. Remain under tension so bones stay pulled towards each other.

Question 28

Ligaments

Answer 28

Bands of fibres that are attached to the bones and link the joints together. Remain under tension so bones stay pulled towards each other.

Question 29

Tendons

Answer 29

Very strong cords that join the muscle to the bone.

Question 30

Agonist

Answer 30

Muscle or group of muscles responsible for movement.

Question 31

Antagonists

Answer 31

Muscles that act to produce the opposite movement to the agonist. They work in antagonistic pairs.

Question 32

Eccentric contractionL

Answer 32

Lengthening of the muscle

Question 33

Concentric contraction

Answer 33

Shortening of the muscle

Question 34

Bursae

Answer 34

Sacks of fluid which reduce friction

Question 35

Cartilage

Answer 35

Tough but flexible smooth elastic tissue which prevents friction and stops bones from rubbing together.

Question 36

Joint capsules

Answer 36

Encloses/ supports

Question 37

Synovial fluid

Answer 37

Produces lubrication

Question 38

Synovial joint

Answer 38

An area of the body where 2 or more bones meet (articulate) to allow a range of movements.

Question 39

Synovial membrane

Answer 39

Secretes synovial fluid

Question 40

Chest muscle

Answer 40

Pectoral

Question 41

Arm muscle front

Answer 41

Bicep

Question 42

Stomach muscles

Answer 42

Abdominals

Question 43

Hip muscles front

Answer 43

Hip flexors

Question 44

Thigh muscles front

Answer 44

Quadriceps

Question 45

Shin muscle front

Answer 45

Tibial is anterior

Question 46

Shoulder muscles back

Answer 46

Rotator cuffs

Question 47

Back muscle

Answer 47

Latissimus dorsi

Question 48

Upper arm muscle/shoulder back

Answer 48

Deltoid

Question 49

Upper arm muscle back

Answer 49

Tricep

Question 50

Buttocks muscles

Answer 50

Gluteals

Question 51

Upper leg back

Answer 51

Hamstrings

Question 52

Calf muscle

Answer 52

Gastrocnemius

Question 53

Shoulder muscles

Answer 53

Pectorals and latissimus dorsi

Question 54

Elbow muscles

Answer 54

Biceps and triceps

Question 55

Hip muscles

Answer 55

Hip flexor and gluteus maximus

Question 56

Knee muscles

Answer 56

Hamstrings and quads

Question 57

Ankle muscles

Answer 57

Tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius