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MED-101 Medical Physics > 1.1 Intro To Physics: Units, Accuracy, Uncertainty, Kinemarics > Flashcards

1.1 Intro To Physics: Units, Accuracy, Uncertainty, Kinemarics Flashcards

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1
Q

Define the concept of a unit

A

A unit is a unique name we assign to measures (meter) of that quantity (length)

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2
Q

The Fundamental quantities of physics are

A

Length
Time
Mass
Electrical current
Temperature
Amount of substance and luminosity

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3
Q

What system of units is used in physics

A

The SI system which contains base units like metre for length, seconds for time and kg for mass.

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4
Q

Type of physical quantity: length

Unit?

A

Metre (m)

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5
Q

Type of physical quantity: time, duration

Unit?

A

Second (s)

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6
Q

Type of physical quantity: mass

Unit?

A

Kilogram (kg)

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7
Q

Type of physical quantity: current

Unit?

A

Ampere (A)

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8
Q

Type of physical quantity: thermodynamic temperature

Unit?

A

Kelvin (K)

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9
Q

Type of physical quantity: luminous intensity

Unit?

A

Candela (cd)

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10
Q

Type of physical quantity: amount of substance

Unit?

A

Mole (mol)

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11
Q

Nano (n)

A

10^-9

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12
Q

Micro (μ)

A

10^-6

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13
Q

Milli (m)

A

10^-3

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14
Q

Kilo (k)

A

10^3

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15
Q

Mega (M)

A

10^6

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16
Q

Giga (G)

A

10^9

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17
Q

Accuracy?

A

How close something is to the accepted standard. To closer the more accurate

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18
Q

Precision?

A

The consistency of something
Not necessarily related to the accepted standard.

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19
Q

3 rules for significant figures?

A
  1. Use all digits while solving. Solution can be rounded not the steps leading to the solution.
  2. When multiplying or dividing two numbers the solution should be rounded to the same number of significant figures as the number in the calculation with the least significant figures
  3. When adding or subtracting numbers the solution should be rounded to the same number of decimal places as the number in the calculation with the least number of decimal places
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20
Q

How many sig figs in 0.00682

A

3 the 6 8 and 2 because leading zeros are never significant

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21
Q

Scientific notation for 0.00682?

A

To the right (-) so 6.82 x 10^-3

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22
Q

Sig figs 1.072?

A

4, imbedded zeros in between numbers are always significant

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23
Q

Scientific notation 1.072?

A

1.072 (x 10^0)

24
Q

Sig figs 300?

A

1, trailing zeros are only significant if there is a decimal point

25
Q

Scientific notation 300?

A

3 x 10^2 (100) not 3.00, decimal only if original number had a decimal

26
Q

Sig figs 300. ?

A

3, trailing zeros are only significant if there is a decimal point (which there is)

27
Q

Scientific notation 300. ?

A

Left is (+), 3.00 x 10^2

28
Q

Sig figs 300.0 ?

A

4, trailing zeros are only significant if there is a decimal point

29
Q

Scientific notation 300.0 ?

A

3.000 x 10^2

30
Q

Sig figs 1.0 and 1.10?

A

2 and 3, trailing zeros are only significant if there is a decimal point and the above are considered trailing zeros

31
Q

What to do when confused with sig figs

A

Convert into Scientifiv Notation then count the number/s before the x10

32
Q
A
33
Q

What is the length of the path an object takes when travelling from point A to point B?

A

Distance

34
Q

Distance is a ________ quantity

A

Scalar

35
Q

Scalar means

A

Magnitude only

36
Q

The distance travelled with direction associated is

A

Displacement

37
Q

Displacement is a _______ quantity

A

Vector

38
Q

Vector means

A

Magnitude and direction.

39
Q

If an object moves from x1=5m to x2= 200m and back to x1= 5m, the displacement from start to finish is?

A

0, since its the overall change in position and there it is currently at the same position

40
Q

If a question asked for direction and displacement with units of distance and direction we

A

Use the units for distance for distance (miles) and units of distance and direction for displacement (miles, East)

41
Q

Average velocity is defined as

A

Displacement divided by the elapsed time

42
Q

Average Velocity is represented with the unit

A

m/s

43
Q

Since average velocity includes displacement and displacement is vector then velocity is

A

Vector (signifies both magnitude- of how fast movement is and direction)

44
Q

_________ is how fast a particle/object is moving

A

Average speed

45
Q

Speed is represented as

A

Distance over time

46
Q

Since average speed involves the total distance (independent of direction- not including direction), speed is

A

Scalar

47
Q

An object whose velocity is changing is said to be

A

Accelerating

48
Q

When an objects velocity changes from 0 to 80 km/h it is

A

Accelerating (change in velocity)

49
Q

Acceleration specifies how rapidly the velocity of an object is changing; therefore, average acceleration is defined as

A

Change in velocity over the change of time

50
Q

What is m/s^2 a common unit of

A

Acceleration

51
Q

All objects falling freely towards earth have the same acceleration of

A

9.81 m/s^2

52
Q

The value of constant acceleration g=9.81 m/s^2 is more commonly known as

A

Acceleration due to gravity

53
Q

What does the following graph represent

A

An object at rest

54
Q
A

150

55
Q

nm stands for nano meter and is 10^-6 true or false

A

False 10^-9

56
Q

The Si unit of Speed (v) is

A

Meter per second, m/s

MED-101 Medical Physics (21 decks)

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