11 Hydrocarbons Flashcards
What is the shape around each carbon in an alkane?
tetrahedral
How does chain length of hydrocarbons affect boiling point?
increases as the length of the carbon chain increases
What triggers the breaking of a Cl—Cl bond?
UV light
What two types of bonding does a carbon–carbon double bond have?
a σ-bond and a π-bond
Why does E-Z isomerism occur?
different groups attached to each carbon around a double bond
What is the catalyst in hydrogenation?
nickel
Which type of carbocation is most stable?
tertiary
What are two uses of waste polymers?
feedstock or fuel
What is an electrophile?
an electron pair acceptor
What is stereoisomerism?
same structural formula but the atoms have a different arrangement in space
Which orbitals are overlapping in a carbon–carbon single bond?
two p-orbitals
What is incomplete combustion?
combustion in a limited supply of oxygen
What is homolytic fission?
when a bond breaks so that one electron goes to each of the atoms
What is a radical?
a compound or atom with an unpaired electron
What does a dashed wedge in the shape of molecules represent?
bonds that are going behind the page
