11: Group Decision Making Flashcards
What are the 4 downsides to group decision making?
Conformity
Authority
Polarisation
Groupthink
what are the 2 benefits to group decision making?
Wisdom of the crowd
Improved reasoning
what characterises groupthink?
Cohesive groups striving for unanimity and avoiding conflict or criticism.
Exacerbated in homogenous teams, where members are, or become, too similar
define: groupthink
the practice of thinking or making decisions as a group, resulting typically in unchallenged, poor-quality decision-making.
how do doctors with similar levels of accuracy fair against the best doctor in the group?
the group performs better than the best doctors - but this is only the case when there is a high similarity of accuracy
How does authority influence accident frequency?
When there are different ranks in a shared space, accident rates increase
How does risk taking change in groups?
people are riskier when they’re in groups
How does polarisation effect juries?
jurors views became more radical if they discussed them with others
what is dialectical bootstrapping?
an internal argument about a judgement they have made, why this might have been wrong and what them being wrong would imply
how does dialectical bootstrapping influence accuracy?
people increase the accuracy of their guesses after dialectical bootstrapping
how does dialectical bootstrapping compare to averaging 2 people’s estimates?
2 people’s estimates averaged is still better than 1 person’s post-dialectical bootstrapping estimate
How does the wisdom of the crowd influence with judgements?
- cancels out random errors
- not so good at cancelling out systematic errors (eg anchoring)
how does the attraction effect change in group settings?
ants are less swayed by decoys as a colony than when they’re by themselves
How is reasoning influenced in group settings?
people reason better in group settings - not because 1 is more intelligent, but because discussing decisions makes reasoning better (groups of 2 not big enough for this effect)
how does diversity effect decision making?
groups with higher diversity generally make better decision - better discussion
