1.1 Formulae and equations

Question 1

What do non-metal ions change their name ending to when they bond?

Answer 1

-ide

Question 2

What do non-metals combined with oxygen change their name ending to when they bond?

Answer 2

-ate

Question 3

How do you work out the charge of a metal?

Answer 3

By their group number. For example calcium in group 2 has a +2 charge (Ca2+)

Question 4

How do you work out the charge of a non-metal?

Answer 4

8 minus the group number will give the charge. For example oxygen in group 6 has a charge of -2 (O2-)

Question 5

What is the meaning of O.I.L.R.I.G?

Answer 5

Oxidation is loss, Reduction is gain (of electrons)

Question 6

Define the oxidation number of an element?

Answer 6

The number of electrons needed to be added or taken away from an element to make it neutral.

Question 7

what are the 7 rules for oxidation numbers?

Answer 7

• All uncombined elements have an oxidation number of zero.
• The sum of oxidation numbers in a compound is zero.
• In an ion, the sum equals the overall charge.
• Group 1 metals have an oxidation number of +1, Group 2 metals have an oxidation number of +2.
• Group 6 elements usually have an oxidation number of -2, Group 7 elements usually have an oxidation number of -1.
• Oxygen’s oxidation number is -2, except in peroxides or when combined with fluorine.
• Hydrogen’s oxidation number is +1, except in metal hydrides.