Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PYB210 > 11. Doing qualitative research > Flashcards

11. Doing qualitative research Flashcards

1
Q

define paradigm

A

a parttern or model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the positivist paradigm of social research

A

to discover universal laws

to predict and control events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the constructionist paradigm of social research?

A

to understand social life and how people construct meanings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the paradigm or logic of quantitative research?

A

positivism
deductive approaches to theory
test theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the paradigm or logic of qualitative research?

A

social constructionism
build knowledge inductively
generate theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the design characteristics of quantitative research

A

fixed to control for extraneous variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the design characteristics of qualitative research

A

flexible responds to context naturalistic enquiry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the methods of quantitative research?

A

experimental design
surveys
structured observations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the methods of qualitative research?

A

in-depth interviews (narratives and stories)
naturalistic observations
analysis of text/images/videos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the analysis for quantitative research?

A

use frequencies and statistics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the analysis methods for qualitative research?

A

non-numerical analysis of text focus on underlying meanings and patterns of reltionships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the sample seeking to generalise to in quantitative research?

A

generalise to population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the sample seeking to generalise in qualitative research?

A

generalisation to theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what guides the research process

A

sensitising conceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the research process aim to do?

A

aims ot understand local knowledge and practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the starting point of sensitising concepts?

A

research question

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what questions do qualitative approaches aim to answer?

A

why?

How?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the qualiatative approach used for?

A

answering why and how questions
one of few cases
subjective experience and meaning
theory building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the basic process of qualitative research?

A

theoretical framework –> research design and methodology –> research methods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what does one paradigm equal?

A

several theoretical frameworks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the interpretative approach

A

an approach that is interests in in depth investigation of subjective meanings and experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are methods of the interpretative approach

A

phenomenoloy
narrative approaches
ethnomenthadology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the critical approach?

A

an approach that is interested in how social, cultural and historical discourses shape (and are shaped) by subjective meanings and experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the fundamental topics that the critical approaches aim to address?

A

feminism
psychosocial studies
psychoanalytic and Marxist analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are research designs in qualitative research?

A 
ethnography
action research (and other participatory designs)
(multiple-)case study research
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what does ethnography focus on?

A

the discovery and description of the culture of a group of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the root of ethnography?

A

social anthropology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is ethnography a study of?

A

a detailed study of groups in their natural setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is the researcher in ethnographic studies?

A

a stranger to the situation being studied. he is immersed in the fields for extended periods of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are is the fundamental method of ethnographic research?

A

there are a variety of methods by usually includes participants and observations

31
Q

what do case study research focus on?

A

focuses on providing a detailed description and account of one or more cases

32
Q

what is a case?

A

a case is a bounded & integrated system, it is a ‘thing’, not a process or relationship

33
Q

what are case studies with multiple cases?

A

collective or comparative cast studies

34
Q

what is a case study?

A

an in-depth analysis of one case or selected cases to maximise diversity

35
Q

what methods are used for case study?

A

a variety of methods to examine the functioning of a case or multiple cases

36
Q

what is action research>

A

a form of collective self-reflective enquiry undertaken by participants in social situations in order to improve the rationality and justice of their own social and education practices, as well as their understanding of these practices and the situations in which these practices are carried out.

37
Q

when is an approach only action research

A

if it is collaborative

38
Q

how is the action research of the group achieved?

A

through the critically examined action of the individual group members

39
Q

what is the cycle of action research?

A

planning –>
acting –>
observing –> reflecting

goes in a circle

40
Q

what is involved in the cycle planning in action research?

A

identifying
informing
organising

41
Q

what is involved in acting in the cycle action research

A

trailing
collecting
questioning

42
Q

what is involved in observing in the cycle action research?

A

analysing
reporting
sharing

43
Q

what is involved in reflecting in the cycle of action research?

A

evaluating
implementing
revisiting

44
Q

what are the two categories of research methods in qualitative research?

A

obtrusive methods and unobtrusive methods

45
Q

what are obtrusive methods?

A 
o	interviews
o	focus groups
o	observations
o	photos, video recordings, diaries
o	mobile methods (e.g. walking tours, map making)
o	photo/video-elicitation
46
Q

what are unobtrusive methods?

A

documented and records (private and archival)

artefacts, physical traces

47
Q

what is a research interview

A

discussion between researcher and the participant to elicit participant’s perspective
can be face to face or via technology

48
Q

what are the three structures of research interviews?

A

unstructured
semi-structured
structured

49
Q

what are the characteristics of unstructured research interviews?

A

no interview protocol, merely general theme(s)
guided by interviewee’s answers
keep in mind research aim and question
plenty of space for clarification

50
Q

what are the characteristics of semi-structured research interviews?

A

interview protocol with themes and questions (mostly open-ended)
guided by interviewee’s questions within each theme
cme back to the protocol when each theme is exhausted
enough space for clarification

51
Q

what are the characteristics of structured research interview?

A

strict interview protocol with precise questions (often closed)
interviewee has little/no space to influence how question is asked
no space for clarification

52
Q

what is a focus group

A

a small number of non-randomly selected people, drawn together by the researcher in order to facilitate the expression of their view on a specific set of issues and/or their responses to specific and/or general questions, within a casual by predetermined and managed group environment wherein interaction is important

53
Q

what is the common duration of focus groups

A

90-120 minutes

54
Q

how many people are often in a focus group?

A

6-12 people

55
Q

who leads the discussion?

A

the moderator (researcher)

56
Q

what can take over the focus group?

A

‘group think’

57
Q

what is an issue of focus groups?

A

participants may be group shu

58
Q

what do focus groups require with the researcher?

A

great researcher skill and tact

59
Q

what are observations associated with?

A

field research e.g. ethnography

60
Q

what can observations provide?

A

observing behaviour/practices can provide insight into social processes and practices. what people do rather than what they say they do

61
Q

how do observation approaches differ?

A

relationship between researcher and observed

structure

62
Q

what are common observation methods?

A

naturalistic
systematic
controlled

63
Q

what is naturalistic observation

A

takes place in the field of naturalistic environment where the behaviour naturally occurs

64
Q

when is naturalistic observations commonly used

A

as part of an ethnographic study

65
Q

where does systematic observation take place?

A

in the field

66
Q

what tools does a researcher use in a systematic observation?

A

systematic tools such as questionnaires or checklists to support their observatins

67
Q

what methods are involved in systematic observations

A

time or event sampling

68
Q

where do controlled observations take place

A

takes place in a lab that is set up to evoke the behaviour of participants

69
Q

what do participants get in controlled observations

A

they all get an equal chance to displace behavipur

70
Q

what are the four types of researcher involvement in observations?

A

complete observer
observer as participant
participant as observer
complete participant

71
Q

what is a complete observer

A

a secret outsider, invisible to those being observed.

non-intrusive

72
Q

what is an observer as a participant?

A

recognised outsider

researcher is known, but has limited contact

73
Q

what is participant as observer

A

researcher is known and has a relationship with the participants
involved, but not leader of activities

74
Q

what is complete particpant

A

full participant
researcher acts as a member
may be a leader of activities
shares secret information with participants

PYB210 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions