1.1 DNA : THE CODE OF LIFE

Question 1

Draw and label an eukaryotic cell (12+7)

Answer 1

Question 2

The cytoplasm is where:

Answer 2

The chemical reactions that keep the cell alive takes place

Question 3

Draw and label the nucleous of an eukaryotic cell (6)

Answer 3

Question 4

The nucleus:

Answer 4

Contains inherited information

Question 5

The nuclear membrane:

Answer 5

Encloses the nucleus in eukaryotic cell

Question 6

Nuclear pore:

Answer 6

Involved in transport of substances into and out of the nucleus

Question 7

Nucleolus:

Answer 7

Involved in the construction of ribosomes

Question 8

Chromosomes: (2)

Answer 8

Made up of protein and DNA. IT stores the information for controling the cell

Question 9

What are nucleic acids?

Answer 9

They are naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells

Question 10

What are the 2 main types of nucleic acids?

Answer 10

DNA & RNA

Question 11

Where is DNA Found? (4)

Answer 11

• chromosomes in nucleus of eukaryotes
• chromosomes and plastids of prokaryotes
• mitochondria
• chloroplast

Question 12

In what forms is RNA found?

Answer 12

• tRNA (transfer)
• mRNA (messenger)
• rRNA (ribosomal)
• genetic material of viruses

Question 13

Label the following picture

Answer 13

1. Chromosome
2. Histones
3. DNA
4. DNA double helix
5. Centromère

Question 14

What are chromosomes?

Answer 14

They are Long, thin, thread-like structures composed of DNA that is wrapped around proteins called histones

Question 15

What are somatic cells?

Answer 15

They are the cells of living organisms other than the reproductive cells

Question 16

Chromosomes occour in homologous pairs, where each chromatid of the pair:

Answer 16

• have the same size, shape and have the same genes in the same place

Question 17

What are genes?

Answer 17

They are sections of DNA molecules that control the heridetary characteristics in living organisms

Question 18

Genes:
1.
2.
3.

Answer 18

1. Are short segmants of DNA molecules that codes for a particular protein
2. Each gene carries the code for the synthesis of a particular protein
3. Proteins determine the characteristics of an organism

Question 19

Briefly describe the discovery of the shape of DNA: (4 * 3 = 12)

Answer 19

1. FREDERICK GRIFFITH (1928): discovered that a factor in diseased bacteria can tranform harmless bacteria into deadly bacteria
2. ROSALIN FRANKLIN & douch bag Maurice Wilkins (1952)
   - x-ray of DNA (photo 51)
3. JAMES WATSON & FRANCES CRICK (1953)
   - described the DNA molecule from Franklin’s X-ray
4. WHATSON, CRICK & WILKINS (1962)
   - Received nobel prize ( Franklin passed away )