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RE > 1.1 Christianity Beliefs & Teachings > Flashcards

1.1 Christianity Beliefs & Teachings Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the 3 types of Christians

A
  • Catholic Christians who are based in Rome and are led by the pope
  • Orthodox Christians, who split from the Catholic Church in the Great Schism 1054, and are generally practiced in Eastern Europe
  • Protestant Christians, who split from the Church in the 16th century
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2
Q

Give one quote about God

A

“I am the lord your God… you shall have no other God’s before me”
First of 10 commandments

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3
Q

What are the three qualities of God?

A
  • Omnipotent - All-powerful
  • Omnibenevolent - All-loving
  • Just
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4
Q

What do Christians believe about God’s omnipotence?

A

God is omnipotent as he is the supreme being who has unlimited authority

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5
Q

How is God omnipotent?

A
  • God shows his power through his creation of the world and the resurrection of Jesus, which shows his power over death
  • “With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible”
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6
Q

What do Christians believe about God’s omnibenevolent

A

God is omnibenevolent because he loves all without exception or prejudice, and uses his power to do good

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7
Q

Evidence that God is omnibenevolent

A
  • God shows his omnibenevolence by sacrificing his own son Jesus, so that humans could gain atonement and salvation
  • “God so much loved the world that he gave them his one and only son”
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8
Q

Explain how and why God is Just

P, E

A
  • God is just because he will judge every single person fairly with equal rights and value on judgement day
  • “God is fair and just” (+Parable of the Sheep and Goats)
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9
Q

What are the other qualities of God?

Excluding the main three

A
  • Omniscient - All-knowing
  • Transcendent - Eternal, outside the limits of space and time
  • Immanent - God’s involvement in the world (e.g. Jesus, miracles)
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10
Q

List three arguements about the nature of God?

Also known as the Problems of Evil and Suffering

A
  • If God is omnibenevolent, why does he allow people to suffer?
  • If God is omnipotent, why does he not prevent evil and suffering?
  • If God is just, why does he allow injustices to take place?
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11
Q

Give 4 solutions to the Problem
of Evil and Suffering

A
  • Moral Evil - The devil tempts people into going against God and commiting sins (e.g. Adam and Eve)
  • And humans have free will, which they can abuse, so hurts others (we are responsible for our actions)
  • David Hume’s triangle - He cannot be both loving and all-powerful
  • Life is a test - We need to show God that we are worthy of heaven (like the story of Job)
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12
Q

Define and Describe the trinity

A

The trinity is the unity of the three “Persons” of the one God, consisting of:

  • God the Father - Creator of all life. Omnipotent, Omniscient, Omnibenevolent
  • God the Son - Jesus, the incarnated, flesh form, of God
  • God the Holy Spirit - The unseen power of God at work in the world, which influences and guides Christians and sustains everything on Earth
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13
Q

Why is the Trinity important?

A

It helps Chrsitians gain simplified understanding of God, who is beyond the understanding of humans

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14
Q

Genesis Creation Story

A
  1. Day and Night
  2. Sky
  3. Sea, land, vegetation and plants
  4. Lights in the sky, Sun, moon and stars
  5. Fish of the sea, birds of the sky
  6. Animals & Humans
  7. God rested
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15
Q

Explain how God is able to create the world?

A

God pre-existed before the world and is transcendent (outside the limits of space and time) so he is able to create the world and is not controlled by it

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16
Q

Give three quotes to show that all three parts of the Trinity were active in the creation of the world

A
  • In the beginning, God created the heavens and the Earth…
  • …and the spirit of God was hovering over the waters
  • In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made
17
Q

Describe the importance of the Genesis

A
  • The world was planned and ordered, not an accident
  • Which means that human lives have a purpose and meaning because God created those lives
  • Humans are made in the “image” of God so all humans are of value
18
Q

What are the different interpretations of the Genesis?

A
  • Fundamental Christians / Literalist - Believe every word of the genesis is literally true and is exactly as describes as in the Bible (so a day is 24hrs and God created the Earth in exactly 7 days)
  • Linguistic Interpretation - There may be misunderstandings in the language (e.g. does day mean our day or a period of time?) which are human errors as God inspired the writers
  • Metaphorical Interpretation - The Genesis story is a myth with a metaphorical / symbolic message
19
Q

Incarnation

A

Incarnation is the belief that God the Son took on a human flesh form

This is seen in the Christmas story when Angel Gabriel appeared to Mary to tell her that she was pregnant, even though she was a virgin, but she concieved through the power of the holy spirit

“the Word became flesh and lived amongst us”

20
Q

Importance of incarnation

A
  • The virgin birth of Mary provides evidence that Jesus was the Son of God and was both human and divine as he was born miraculously
  • It shows that Jesus knows what it is like to be human, to suffer, and to go through all the things that we do
  • It helps Christians to understand the extent of God’s love as Jesus had to become incarnated to make reconciliation with God possible through the sacrificing of his life as a payment for human sin
  • It shows Christians how to live peacefully and with forgiveness - just as God showed them in the form of Jesus
21
Q

Argument and counter-argument against Jesus’ divinity

A
  • If Jesus was fully divine, he should have full knowledge of what was happening - yet at time his knowledge was limited (e.g. he didn’t understand fully about the end of the world)
  • To become fully divine, he had to give up some of his divine knowledge - a great sacrificial act
22
Q

What happened when Jesus was baptised

A
  • A dove (symbolic of the Holy Spirit) appeared
  • A voice from heaven spoke “This is my son with whom I am pleased”
23
Q

Describe the crucifixion story

A
  • Jesus was sentenced to death for blasphemy (cliaming to be God) by the Jewish Romans
  • He was crucified on the cross and Mark records that the Earth became dark
24
Q

Three Biblical quotes on the crucifixion

A

“Surely this man was the son of God”
“God, why have you foresaken me?”
“‘Father, into your hands I commit my spirit.’ When he had said this, he breathed his last.”

25
Q

Importance of the crucifixion

A
  • Jesus had to die to fulfill God’s plan, so that humans could be saved in eternal life (salvation) and could reconcile with God (shows gods omnibenevolence)
  • God understands human suffering because of the suffering of Jesus - a part of himself
  • Suffering is a part of human life, just as it was part of Jesus’ life
  • Christians will be forgiven for their sins if they are truly sorry, like the criminals on the cross who were forgiven with Jesus
26
Q

Atonement

A
  • Making amends and reconciling for sin and wrong
  • Usually referring to the reconciliation between humanity and God that was brought about by Jesus’ sacrifice - the ultimate act of atonement
27
Q

Describe how the resurrection came to play

A
  • Mary Magdelene and other femaile folowers went to Jesus’ tomb to give him a proper burial
  • The body of Jesus had disappeared and two angels told them that Jesus had risen from the dead
  • This is followed by resurrection appearances, where Jesus appears to several other people over the next few weeks as he prophesised
  • The impact of the ressurection is that it turned the disciples from men in hiding to going out and spreading Jesus’ message
28
Q

Why is the resurrection important?

A
  • Without the resurrection there would be no Chrisitianity
  • If Jesus simply died then he is no different to others who may have died for their beliefs, so it shows proof that Jesus is the son of God
  • It shows how God triumphed over evil and death (or good triumphed over evil)
  • Christians think that by believeing in Jesus they can also be resurrected when they die and go to heaven
  • Also gives them hope of a future life with Jesus when they are resurrected as well
  • Shows that there is life after death
29
Q

Give one quote for the resurrection

A

“He is not here, for he has risen!”
Mary Magdalene

30
Q

Describe what happened during the Ascension

A
  • After meeting his disciples and asking them to carry on his work, Jesus left them for the last time
  • Jesus returned to the Father in heaven
  • The ascension occured 40 days after the resurrection
  • When Jesus ascended into Heaven, the Holy Spirit gave the disciples the gifts to spread the word of God (for example, speaking in tongues)
31
Q

Why is the ascension important?

A
  • It shows that Jesus is with God in heaven and that he had completed his mission
  • It gives the Holy Spirit opportunity to provide comfort and guidance for the disciples
32
Q

Give one quote about the ascension

A

“Jesus left them and was taken up into heaven”

33
Q

Describe the teachings about the resurrection of the body?

A
  • Christians believe that God will resurrect them on judgement day
  • Christians believe that they will be resurrected from a perishable body on Earth to an impershiable, spiritual body
34
Q

Give one quote about the resurrection

A

“So it will be with the resurrection of the dead. The body that is sown perishable, it is raised imperishable”

35
Q

Give one quote to desrcibe the afterlife

A

“I am the way, the truth and the life. No-one comes to the Father, except through me”

36
Q

What is the purgatory

A
37
Q

Topic: Judgement & Heaven and Hell

The Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus
The Parable of Sheep and Goats

A

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