1.1 cell adaptation/agents of cell injury

Question 1

The study of the mechanisms by which disease and illness alter body function

Answer 1

pathophysiology

Question 2

the study of cause of a disease

Answer 2

aetiology

Question 3

The branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action

Answer 3

pharmacology

Question 4

The study of the patterns of disease within populations

Answer 4

Epidemiology

Question 5

Reduction in cell size

Answer 5

atrophy

Question 6

Reduction or inadequate blood flow to an organ or tissue

Answer 6

Ischaemia

Question 7

Tissue death (necrosis) caused by a complete deprivation of blood supply to tissue

Answer 7

Infarction

Question 8

A state of low oxygen

Answer 8

hypoxia

Question 9

Insufficient oxygen in the blood

Answer 9

Hypoxaemia

Question 10

development of a disease

Answer 10

pathogenesis

Question 11

Demonstrable changes (Signs & Symptoms & lab test results) caused by a disease

Answer 11

clinical manifestations

Question 12

The number of new cases of a disease diagnosed within a period

Answer 12

incidence

Question 13

The total number of cases of a disease at a particular time

Answer 13

prevalence

Question 14

increase in cell size

Answer 14

hypertrophy

Question 15

Increase in cell number

Answer 15

hyperplasia

Question 16

Transition from one cell type to another

Answer 16

metaplasia

Question 16

Maladaptive; variation in size and shape of cells in tissue

Answer 16

dysplasia

Question 16

A form of programmed cell death

Answer 16

apoptosis

Question 17

A form of unprogrammed cell death in living tissue

Answer 17

necrosis

Question 18

Excessive temperatures or radiation exposure

Answer 18

physical agents

Question 19

high pressure or tissue tearing

Answer 19

mechanical damage

Question 20

Inorganic substances such as lead, mercury and organic compounds such as ethanol

Answer 20

chemical toxins

Question 21

Bacteria, viruses, and parasites

Answer 21

microorganisms

Question 22

Essential vitamin deficiencies can interfere with normal metabolic processes

Answer 22

nutritional deficits

Question 23

Altered metabolism can lead to accumulation of toxic intermediary compounds

Answer 23

genetic defects