Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BioSci 107 > 11 Body Systems > Flashcards

11 Body Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 11 body systems

A

Skeletal, Reproductive, Nervous, Endocrine, Integumentary, Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Urinary, Muscular, Lymphatic and Immune, Digestive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name the 4 basic tissues

A

Epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 6 levels of structural organisation

A

Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the main structures of the integumentary system?

A

Epidermis - top layer of skin
Dermis-middle layer. Has hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Sweat glands. Nails. Sensory receptors
Hypodermis - Bottom layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the primary functions of the Epidermis?

A

Epidermis provides layer of protection between the outiside and deeper tissues. Produces vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the primary functions of the Dermis?

A

Hair- hair provides protection and have sensation. Sebaceous glands secret lubricant to hair shaft
Sweat glands- help thermoregulation
Nails- stiffen and protect digits
Sensory receptors- detect sensations eg. temperature, touch, pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the primary functions of the Hypodermis?

A

Fat storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the main structures of the muscular system?

A

Skeletal muscle, axial muscles, appendicular muscle, tendons, aponeuroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the primary functions of skeletal muscles

A

The skeletal muscles control skeletal movement, control entries and exits, produce heat, protect soft tissue, support skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the primary functions of the axial muscles

A

Provide support and positioning of the axial sleleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the primary function of the appendicular muscles

A

Support and move limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the function and shape of tendons and aponeuroses

A

Tendons are rope-like connections between muscle and bone
Aponeuroses are sheet-like connections between muscle and bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the main structures of the skeletal system?

A

Cartilage and joints, axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton, bones and bone marrow (red + yellow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the primary functions of the axial skeleton

A

Protects brain, spinal cord, organs and soft tissues. Supports weight of lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the primary functions of the appendicular skeleton

A

Support and position of external limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the primary functions of bones and bone marrow (red + yellow)

A

Bones store minerals.
Red marrow has RBC production (flat bones)
Yellow marrow has fat stores (long bones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name the structures of the Nervous system

A

Central nervous system, Peripheral nervous system and special senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the primary functions of the central nervous system?

A

The brain. Complex integrative activities (voluntary and involuntary)
The spinal cord. Relay channel. Less complex integrative activities
Special senses. Sight, optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the primary functions of the peripheral nervous system?

A

Sends information around the body to the CNS.
special senses, smell, taste, hear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the structures of the endocrine system and their location within the body

A

Brain- pineal gland, hypothalamus/pituitary gland
Neck- thyroid gland, parathyroid gland
Sternum- thymus
Kidneys- adrenal gland
Pancreas
Gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the primary functions of the pineal, hypothalamus/ pituitary gland?

A

Pineal- influences day/ night rhythm
Hypothalamus/pituitary- secret several hormones which influence other endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the primary functions of the thyroid and parathyroid glands

A

Thyroid- secrets thyroxine, response for metabolic rate
Parathyroid- controls calcium levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the primary functions of the thymus? (Endocrine)

A

The thymus supports maturation of lymphocytes

24
Q

What are the primary functions of the adrenal glands and kidneys

A

Adrenal glands- secret several hormones eg. adrenaline, and cortisol
Kidneys- produce RBC, rise BP and control calcium levels

25
Q

What are the primary functions of the pancreas and gonads?

A

Pancreas- secrets insulin to control glucose levels
Gonads- secrets hormones for sexual characteristics

26
Q

What is the main structures of the lymphatic system?

A

Lymphatic vessels, lymphatic fluid, B & T cells, Spleen, thymus

27
Q

What is the primary function of lympathic vessels and lymphatic fluid

A

Lympathic vessels- contactive vessels that carry lymph fluid and lymphocytes
Lymph fluid- fluid from tissues, lipid from gut

28
Q

What are the primary functions of B&T cells, the thymus and the spleen? (Lympathic)

A

B&T cells- carry out immune responses
Spleen- recycles RBC
Thymus- controls T cell lymphocytes

29
Q

What are the main structures of the cardiovascular system

A

Heart
Vessels- arteries, capillaries, veins
Blood

30
Q

What are the primary functions of the heart and blood (cardiovascular)

A

Heart- pumps and circulates blood and maintains BP
Blood- transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones. Removes waste. Thermoregulation, illness defence. Acid base balance

31
Q

What are the primary function of the blood vessels

A

Arteries- from heart to capillaries
Capillaries- diffusion between blood and interstitial fluids
Veins- return blood from capillaries to heart

32
Q

What are the main structures of the respiratory system?

A

Nasal cavity, paranasal sines us. Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lung, diaphragm

33
Q

What is the primary function of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

A

Filter and warm air. Detect smell

34
Q

What is the primary function of the pharynx and larynx?

A

Pharynx- conducts air to larynx
Larynx- protects trachea and vocal cords

35
Q

What is the primary function of the trachea?

A

Cartilage pipe for air conduction to lungs

36
Q

What is the primary function of the bronchi and diaphragm?

A

Bronchi- conduct air between trachea and lungs
Diaphragm- muscle control air movement

37
Q

What are the primary functions of the lungs

A

Air movement
Exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide
Acid base control

38
Q

What are the main structures of the digestive system?

A

Oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, large intestine and anus.

39
Q

What are the primary functions of the oral cavity and salivary glands

A

Oral cavity- teeth and though break up food
Salivary glands- secret lubricant and buffers. Enzymes begin digestion

40
Q

What are the primary functions of the pharynx, oesophagus and stomach

A

Pharynx- directs food and liquid to oesophagus
Oesophagus- connects pharynx and stomach
Stomach-secrets acid, enzymes and hormones

41
Q

What are the primary functions of the small intestine (digestive system)

A

Absorption of nutrients
Digestive enzymes, buffers and hormones

42
Q

What are the primary functions of the liver (digestive system)

A

Produces bile
Regulated nutrients in blood

43
Q

What are the primary function of the gallbladder (digestive system)

A

Concentrates bile

44
Q

What are the primary functions of the pancreas (digestive system)

A

Secrets digestive enzymes, buffers. Has endocrine cells

45
Q

What is the primary function of the large intestine and anus?

A

Remove water. Remove and store waste

46
Q

What are the main structures of the urinary system?

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

47
Q

What are the primary functions of the kidneys (urinary system)?

A

Kidneys- form and concentrate urine, regulate pH and ions, control blood volume and BP. Endocrine function ( promotion of RBC)

48
Q

What are the primary functions of the ureter, bladder and urethra?

A

Ureter- conducts urine from kidneys to bladder
Bladder- stores urine until elimination
Urethra- conducts urine from bladder to exterior

49
Q

What are the main structures of the reproductive system (male)

A

Testes, accessory organs, external genitalia

50
Q

What are the main functions of the testes

A

Produce sperm and hormones

51
Q

What are the accessory organs

A

Epididymis ,ductus deferences,seminal glands, prostate gland, urethra.

52
Q

What are the male external genitalia ?

A

Penis, scrotum

53
Q

What are the main structures of the reproductive system (female)

A

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina/external genetalia, mammary glands

54
Q

What are the main functions of the ovaries and uterine tubes

A

Ovaries- produce oocytes and hormones
Uterine tubes- oocytes delivery, fertilisation location

55
Q

What are the primary functions of the uterus and mammary glands?

A

Uterus- embryonic development
Mammary glands- nutrition for new borns. Also sweat glands

56
Q

What are the main functions of the vagina/ external genitalia?

A

Lubrication, sperm reception, birth canal

BioSci 107 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions