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PBCP- Introduction to physiology and blood > 11. Blood:erythrocyte function and life cycle > Flashcards

11. Blood:erythrocyte function and life cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of blood and how much of is present?

A

55%- Plasma
45%- Red blood cells
<1% white blood cells/platelets

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2
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

Carry oxygen through the body

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3
Q

What is the function of white blood cells?

A

Fight infection and dieases

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4
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

Hep form blood clots

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5
Q

What is the haematocrit?

A

The percentage of the volume of the packed red cells to the total blood volume

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of red blood cells?

A 
Biconcave discs 
7-8 μm diameter
Develop bone marrow 
No major organelles 
No DNA- increase space for O2
Produce ATP through glycoslyis
Broken down by reticuloendothelial system
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7
Q

What is a confrontational change and why is this significant?

A

Change in shape and this exposes other binding sites

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8
Q

What are other functions of carbon dioxide?

A

Facilitation of carbon dioxide

Control of acid- base equilibrium in the blood

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9
Q

Where do all blood cells originate from?

A

Pluripotent stem cell

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10
Q

What is a proethroblast an example of?

A

Progenitor cell

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11
Q

What is erythrocyte production known as?

A

Erythropoiesis

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12
Q

Where does Erythropoiesis happen in the foetus?

A

Liver and bone marrow

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13
Q

Where does Erythropoiesis occur after birth?

A

Bone marrow

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14
Q

Where does the Erythropoiesis occur in adults?

A

Marrow of membranous bones

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15
Q

What does a pale cell indicate?

A

Pale due to the lack of haemoglobin

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16
Q

What stimulates erythrocyte prodcution?

What is the detector and effector?

A

Hypoxia - decrease in O2 delivery
Detector- kidney
Effector - EPO

17
Q

What is polycthaemia?

A

Excess red blood cells in the blood

18
Q

What is anaemia and what does this make happen?

A

A deficiency of Hb in the blood

This reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood

19
Q

What is meant by tachycardiac?

A

High heart rate

20
Q

What causes anaemia?

A

Abnormalities of erythropoiesis
Deficiencies of erythrocytes
Disorder of the spleen

21
Q

What features of RBC allow you to diagnose various types of anaemia?

A

Size and colour

22
Q

What is meant by etiology?

A

The study of causation

23
Q

What is the most common cause of anaemia?

A

Iron deficiency

24
Q

What tests are used to help confirm iron deficiency?

A

Serum iron
Total iron binding iron capacity
Ferritin

25
Q

What is the cause of jaundice?

A

Accumulation of bulirubin

26
Q

How do you recognise a jaundiced person?

A

Yellow tinge to skin

27
Q

What is the average haemoglobin in male?

A

130-180 g/L

28
Q

What is the average amount of the haemoglobin in females?

A

115-165 g/L

29
Q

What is the red cell count average in males?

A

4.3-5.9 x10^12/L

30
Q

What is the average red cell count in females?

A

3.5-5.0 x10^12/L

31
Q

What is the average haematocrit in males?

A

0.40-0.52

32
Q

What is the average haematocrit in females?

A

0.36-0.47

PBCP- Introduction to physiology and blood (13 decks)

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