11. Blood:erythrocyte function and life cycle Flashcards
What are the components of blood and how much of is present?
55%- Plasma
45%- Red blood cells
<1% white blood cells/platelets
What is the function of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen through the body
What is the function of white blood cells?
Fight infection and dieases
What is the function of platelets?
Hep form blood clots
What is the haematocrit?
The percentage of the volume of the packed red cells to the total blood volume
What are the characteristics of red blood cells?
Biconcave discs 7-8 μm diameter Develop bone marrow No major organelles No DNA- increase space for O2 Produce ATP through glycoslyis Broken down by reticuloendothelial system
What is a confrontational change and why is this significant?
Change in shape and this exposes other binding sites
What are other functions of carbon dioxide?
Facilitation of carbon dioxide
Control of acid- base equilibrium in the blood
Where do all blood cells originate from?
Pluripotent stem cell
What is a proethroblast an example of?
Progenitor cell
What is erythrocyte production known as?
Erythropoiesis
Where does Erythropoiesis happen in the foetus?
Liver and bone marrow
Where does Erythropoiesis occur after birth?
Bone marrow
Where does the Erythropoiesis occur in adults?
Marrow of membranous bones
What does a pale cell indicate?
Pale due to the lack of haemoglobin
What stimulates erythrocyte prodcution?
What is the detector and effector?
Hypoxia - decrease in O2 delivery
Detector- kidney
Effector - EPO
What is polycthaemia?
Excess red blood cells in the blood
What is anaemia and what does this make happen?
A deficiency of Hb in the blood
This reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood
What is meant by tachycardiac?
High heart rate
What causes anaemia?
Abnormalities of erythropoiesis
Deficiencies of erythrocytes
Disorder of the spleen
What features of RBC allow you to diagnose various types of anaemia?
Size and colour
What is meant by etiology?
The study of causation
What is the most common cause of anaemia?
Iron deficiency
What tests are used to help confirm iron deficiency?
Serum iron
Total iron binding iron capacity
Ferritin
What is the cause of jaundice?
Accumulation of bulirubin
How do you recognise a jaundiced person?
Yellow tinge to skin
What is the average haemoglobin in male?
130-180 g/L
What is the average amount of the haemoglobin in females?
115-165 g/L
What is the red cell count average in males?
4.3-5.9 x10^12/L
What is the average red cell count in females?
3.5-5.0 x10^12/L
What is the average haematocrit in males?
0.40-0.52
What is the average haematocrit in females?
0.36-0.47
