11 - Basic Concepts Of Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Define hydrocarbon
Compound containing hydrogen and carbon only
Define homologous series
Series of organic compounds having the same functional group, but with each successive member differing by CH2
Define functional group
Group of atoms responsible for characteristic reactions of a compound
Define saturated
Single carbon-carbon bonds only
Define unsaturated
Presence of multiple carbon-carbon bonds, including C=C, C- - -C and aromatic rings
Define Aliphatic
Compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
Define alicyclic
Aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains
Define aromatic
Compound containing a benzene ring
General formula
Simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series
Structural formula
Minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
Displayed formula
Relative positioning of atoms and bonds between them
Skeletal formula
Simplified organic formula shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups
Structural Isomers
Compounds with same molecular formula but different structural formulae
Homolytic fission
In terms of each bonding atom receiving one electron from the bonded pair, forming 2 radicals
Heterolytic fission
In terms of one bonding atom receiving both electrons from the bonded pair
