1.1: atoms Flashcards
what are all substances made of?
all substances are made up of atoms.
Elements contain what amount of atoms?
elements contain only one type of atom
What is the definition of an element?
An element is a substance made up of only one type of atom.
What is the basic structure of the periodic table?
The periodic table is arranged in columns called groups, which contain elements with similar chemical properties.
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist.
How many different types of atoms are found naturally on Earth?
There are about 100 different types of atom found naturally on Earth.
What are the properties of metals and non-metals?
Metals like silver and gold are shiny and solid, while non-metals like oxygen and nitrogen are gases at room temperature.
What is the importance of chemical symbols?
Chemical symbols allow scientists from different nations to communicate universally about elements.
What do the symbols in the periodic table represent?
The symbols represent atoms, such as O for oxygen and Na for sodium.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance made up of different types of atoms bonded together.
What is the chemical formula for water?
The chemical formula for water is H2O, indicating two hydrogen atoms for every one oxygen atom.
What is the structure of an atom?
An atom consists of a tiny central nucleus surrounded by electrons.
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element contains only one type of atom, while a compound contains more than one type of atom.
What can be deduced from the chemical formula of carbon dioxide, CO2?
The formula indicates that there are two oxygen atoms for every carbon atom.
What are metalloids?
Metalloids are elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals.
What is the significance of the staircase line in the periodic table?
The staircase line divides metals (to the left) from non-metals (to the right).
What is the chemical symbol for sodium and its Latin origin?
The chemical symbol for sodium is Na, derived from the Latin word ‘Natrium’.
What is the chemical symbol for gold and its Latin origin?
The chemical symbol for gold is Au, derived from the Latin word ‘Aurum’.
What is the chemical symbol for lead and its Latin origin?
The chemical symbol for lead is Pb, derived from the Latin word ‘Plumbum’.
What is the chemical symbol for potassium and its Latin origin?
The chemical symbol for potassium is K, derived from the Latin word ‘Kalium’.
