1.1 Atoms Flashcards
- Understand the history of atomic structure - State the relative charges and approximate relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons - Define proton number (atomic number) as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom - Define nucleon number (mass number) as the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom - Use proton number and the simple structure of atoms to explain the basis of the Periodic Table, with special reference to the elements of proton number 1 to 20
Q: Who proposed the “plum pudding” model of the atom?
A: J.J. Thomson.
Q: What is the relative charge and mass of a proton?
A: Charge: +1, Mass: 1.
Q: Define proton number (atomic number).
A: The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Q: Define nucleon number (mass number).
A: The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Q: What is the relative charge and mass of an electron?
A: Charge: -1, Mass: approximately 1/1836 of a proton.
Q: How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
A: By increasing proton number.
Q: Why do elements in the same group have similar properties?
A: They have the same number of valence electrons.
Q: What is the relative charge and mass of a neutron?
A: Charge: 0, Mass: 1.
Q: Which experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus?
A: Rutherford’s gold foil experiment.
Q: What defines the chemical behavior of an atom?
A: The arrangement of electrons in the outer shell.
