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D1 Fall - Anatomy > 11/8: Osteology & Joints of Upper Limb > Flashcards

11/8: Osteology & Joints of Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of solid joints can there be?

A

Fibrous
cartilaginous

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2
Q

What kind of joints are moveable?

A

Synovial

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3
Q

These joints have no movement

A

Synarthrosis

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4
Q

These joints have little movement

A

Amphiarthrosis

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5
Q

These joints have a lot of movement

A

Diarthrosis

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6
Q

What kind of joints have no axis of moment (gliding)

A

Nonaxial

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7
Q

What kind of joints have a single axis of movement (hinge)

A

Uniaxial

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8
Q

What helps maintain the stability of the shoulder joint?

A

Acromioclavicular

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9
Q

The pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle) consists of what?

A

a. Scapula
b. Clavicle

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10
Q

This is NOT a true-joint and articulates with the humerus and clavicle

A

a. Scapulothoracic articulation

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11
Q

This joint is known as a “double saddle” or “shallow saddle”

A

a. Sternoclavicular joint

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12
Q

What is the only “true” bony articulation from the axial to the appendicular skeleton?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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13
Q

What is the only “true” bony articulation between the upper limb and thorax?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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14
Q

Is dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint rare?

A

Yes

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15
Q

If a person felt pain in their shoulder and there was a lump and swelling and edema, what kind of injury would you think they sustained?

A

Shoulder separation

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16
Q

What are the 2 parts of the acromioclavicular ligament?

A

a. Superior acromioclavicular ligament
b. Inferior acromioclavicular ligament

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17
Q

What are the 2 coracoclavicular ligaments?

A

a. Conoid ligament
b. Trapezoid ligament

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18
Q

Separated shoulder affects what joint?

A

Acromioclavicular ligament

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19
Q

What is a Grade 1 separated shoulder?

A

Sprain

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20
Q

What is a Grade 2 separated shoulder?

A

Tear

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21
Q

What is a Grade 3 separated shoulder?

A

Both acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments are torn

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22
Q

Piano Key is what?

A

a. Shoulder separation
i. AC separation

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23
Q

What nerve is injured in shoulder dislocation?

A

Axillary nerve

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24
Q

Why is the axillary nerve injured in shoulder dislocation?

A

Hyperextension w/ lateral rotation

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25
Q

A person gets placed in handcuffs with their arms thrown back and laterally rotated. What nerve do you think has been damaged?

A

Axillary nerve

26
Q

What capsule surrounds the glenohumeral joint?

A

Synovial capsule

27
Q

The synovial capsule is reinforced by tendons of the

A

Rotator cuff muscles

28
Q

What reinforces the glenohumeral joint?

A

Biceps brachii

29
Q

What ligaments reinforce the glenohumeral joint?

A

a. Joint capsule
b. Glenohumeral ligaments (superior, middle, inferior)
c. Coracohumeral ligament

30
Q

These are pillows of synovial fluid between muscle and joint capsule and/or bone and joint capsule

A

BURSA

31
Q

What are the 4 bursa of the glenohumeral joint?

A

a. Subscapular
b. Subacromial
c. Subcoracoid
d. Synovial sheath

32
Q

What muscle passes anterior to the shoulder joint?

A

a. Supraspinatus

33
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff?

A

a. Supraspinatus
b. Infraspinatus
c. Subscapularis
d. Teres minor

34
Q

Most dislocations of the glenohumeral joint occur in what direction?

A

downwards/inferior/anterior direction (all mean same thing)

35
Q

The axillary nerve supplies what muscles?

A

a. Deltoid
b. Teres minor

36
Q

The axillary nerve supplies sensory from where?

A

a. Shoulder joint
b. Skin covering inferior deltoid

37
Q

What is called “frozen shoulder”?

A

a. Adhesive capsulitis

38
Q

Is adduction or abduction affected in adhesive capsulitis?

A

Abduction

39
Q

Shoulder dislocation affects what joint?

A

a. Glenohumeral joint

40
Q

What 3 articulates comprise the elbow joint?

A

a. Humeroulnar articulation
b. Humeroradial articulation
c. Proximal radioulnar articulation

41
Q

Are triceps an extensor or flexor?

A

Extensor

42
Q

Are biceps brachialis and brachialis flexors or extensors?

A

Flexors

43
Q

The ulnar is on what side?

A

Pinky side

44
Q

The radial is on what side?

A

Thumb side

45
Q

The annular ligament goes from where?

A

Lateral to medial aspect of the ulna

46
Q

This ligament connects the medial epicondyle to the ulna

A

Ulnar collateral

47
Q

This connects the lateral epicondyle to the ulna

A

Radial collateral ligament

48
Q

A young girl gets grabbed by the hand quickly and has pain in her arm. There is no bruising or swelling. What is her diagnosis?

A

Subluxation of the radial head

49
Q

his is known as “nursemaid’s elbow”

A

Subluxation and dislocation of the radial head

50
Q

The distal attachment of what ligament gets torn and radial head dislocation and subluxation?

A

Annular ligament

51
Q

This is known as “tennis elbow”

A

Lateral epicondylitis

52
Q

Person gets Tennis elbow from overuse of extensor muscles. What is the common origin of these
muscles?

A

Lateral epicondyle

53
Q

What tendons gets inflamed and torn in particular in lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow)

A

Extensor carpi of radialis brevis

54
Q

This is known as a “dinner fork” deformity

A

Colles fracture

55
Q

Carpals refers to the

A

Wrist

56
Q

How many bones are in the carpals?

A

8

57
Q

Metacarpal refers to the

A

hand

58
Q

How many bones in metacarpals?

A

5

59
Q

How many bones in phalanges?

A

14

60
Q

How many segments do each finger have?

A

3

61
Q

How many segments does the thumb have?

A

2

D1 Fall - Anatomy (19 decks)

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