11-31 Flashcards
Proton
The positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom
Atom
The basic unit of matter
Neutron
The particle with no charge found in the of the nucleus
Electron
The negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus of an atom
Molecule
A group of atoms bonding together forming the smallest fundamental unit of pure substance
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
Chemical bonding
An attraction between to or more atoms resulting I’m the formation of different chemical substances
Chemical reaction
Changes in chemical substances involving bond breaking and/or forming resulting in different chemical substance
Ion
A positively or negative charged atom
Ionic bond
Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Covalent bond
Forms when electrons are shared between atoms
Valence electrons
The electrons in the outer shell or energy level that are available for bonding
pH
The measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution
Acid
A substance that dissolves in water to release a hydrogen ion
Base
A substance that dissolves in water to release a hydroxide ion
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
The nucleic acid that contains all genetic information for a cell
Double helix
The shape of DNA that resemble a spiral staircase or a twisted ladder
Nucleic acid
The building block of living organisms that passes genetic information from one generation to the next
Nucleotide
A monomer of nucleic acid ; consisting of a sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen bas
Carbohydrate
The molecule that is the major source of energy for an organism
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