1.1-2.8

Question 1

1.1 kelvin:

Answer 1

cº + 273 = K

0 º K -lowest possible temperature (no vibrations)

Question 2

1.2 units

Answer 2

10^-12 10^-9 10^-6 10^-3 0 10³ 10⁶ 10⁹ 10¹²

P n Π m 0 k M G T

pico nano micro milli kilo mega giga tera

Question 3

1.3 derived units- volume

Answer 3

derived unit for volume is (m3)

derived unit for area is (m2)

Question 4

1.4 derived units- density

Answer 4

derived unit for density is (kg/m³)

1 g/cm³ = 1 g/mL = 1000 kg/m³

density = mass d= m

volume V

1 ml = 1cm³

Question 5

scientific notation

Answer 5

adding and subtracting

write each one with the same exponant (change decimal)

exponant remains the same

Question 6

scientific notation

Answer 6

multiplecation and division

multi. add exponants

div. subtract exponants

Question 7

significant figures

Answer 7

Question 8

1.12 accuracy and precision

Answer 8

accuracy- how close a measurment is to the true value

precision- how close a set of measurments are to each other

Question 9

2.3 phase changes

Answer 9

sublimation- solid to a gas

depostion-gas to a solid

condensation- gas to a liquid

evaporation- liquid to a gas

freezing- liquid to a solid

melting- solid to a liquid

Question 10

2.4 matter classification

Answer 10

matter-anthing that takes up space and has mass

phase boundary- where 2 phpases meet (interphase)

mixtures- 2 or more pure substances - element, compound

compound- composed of 2 or more different elements in a constant proportion

Question 11

law of definite proportion

Answer 11

1 compound always contains the same element in same proportion

Question 12

law of multiple proportions

Answer 12

sometimes two elements cna form more than 1 compound always changing in whole number proportions

Question 13

mixtures

Answer 13

homogenous- solutions cannot observe phase boundaries (none)

heterogenous can see phase boundaries (yes) ex. water and oil

all changes of states are physical states

Question 14

2.5 physical and chemical

Answer 14

physical change does not alter the compostion or identity of a substance

ice melting sugar dissloving in water

chemical change alters composition or identity of the substance involved

hydrogen gas burns into oxygen gas to form water

Question 15

chemical equations

Answer 15

A + B → C + D

reactants products

Question 16

Daltons atomic theory

Answer 16

1) all matter consits of a limited numbers ofsmall particles called atoms all atoms are the same, atoms of different elements are different (dif size, dif mass)

2) a compound always consists of 2 or more different elements

3) chemical reaction is the seperation of certain atoms and the association in a different way in chemical reaction no adding no taking away

Law of conservation of mass- there is no change in mass during chemical reaction

Question 17

1 calorie

Answer 17

1 calorie is the amount of heat that raises the temperature of 1 gram water by 1 celcius