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Cell Biology > 1.1 > Flashcards

1.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic structural unit of life?

A

The cell

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2
Q

True or False: All living organisms are composed of cells.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the term for cells having different functions in an organism?

A

Cell diversity

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: Cell diversity is essential for ________ in multicellular organisms.

A

specialization

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5
Q

What are the two main types of cells in the human body?

A

Somatic cells and germ cells

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6
Q

Which type of cell is responsible for transmitting genetic information to offspring?

A

Germ cells

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7
Q

What is the term for the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions?

A

Cell differentiation

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8
Q

True or False: Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into various cell types.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the term for the ability of stem cells to divide and produce more stem cells or differentiate into specialized cells?

A

Self-renewal

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: Stem cells are found in ________ tissues.

A

adult

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11
Q

Which type of stem cell is found in embryos and can differentiate into any cell type?

A

Embryonic stem cells

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12
Q

What is the term for the process by which cells change in response to their environment?

A

Cell plasticity

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13
Q

True or False: Cell plasticity allows cells to adapt to different conditions and perform different functions.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the term for the ability of cells to change their fate and become a different cell type?

A

Transdifferentiation

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: Cell diversity is important for maintaining ________ in tissues and organs.

A

homeostasis

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16
Q

Which type of cells are responsible for repairing damaged tissues in the body?

A

Stem cells

17
Q

What is the term for the process by which stem cells migrate to damaged tissues and differentiate into the required cell types?

A

Regeneration

18
Q

True or False: Stem cells have the potential to be used in regenerative medicine to treat various diseases.

A

True

19
Q

What is the term for the process by which cells become cancerous and grow uncontrollably?

A

Tumorigenesis

20
Q

Fill in the blank: Tumorigenesis results from ________ in the normal cell cycle control mechanisms.

A

disruptions

21
Q

Which type of cells have the ability to divide indefinitely and are often associated with cancer?

A

Cancer stem cells

22
Q

What is the term for the study of the structure and function of cells?

A

Cell biology

23
Q

True or False: All cells in an organism have the same genetic information.

A

True

24
Q

Fill in the blank: Cells can differ in their gene expression patterns due to variations in ________.

A

environmental signals

25
Q

Which type of cells are responsible for producing antibodies in the immune system?

A

B cells

26
Q

What is the term for the process by which cells engulf and digest foreign particles or dead cells?

A

Phagocytosis

27
Q

True or False: Cells communicate with each other through chemical signals.

A

True

28
Q

Fill in the blank: Cell diversity allows for ________ interactions between cells.

A

specific

29
Q

Which type of cells are responsible for transmitting electrical signals in the nervous system?

A

Neurons

30
Q

What makes cell different

A

Size shape, chemical requirements, cell function.

31
Q

What do cells have in common?

A

Same sort f molecules, membrane, organelles, genetic material, proteins and ribozymes

32
Q

What is the first cell?

A

Phospholipid

33
Q

What is the earliest pathway for mechanism of atp generation?

A

Hydrolysis and fermentation
C6H12O6-C3H6O3. Generates 2 ATP.
Glucose - lactic acid

34
Q

Second pathway for atp mechanism

A

Photosynthesis - sunlight- Glucose
6CO2+H2O-C6H12O+6O2

35
Q

Lastatp mechanism

A

Oxidative metabolism
C6H12016+6CO2- 6H20+6CO2
Enervates 38 atp

36
Q

ATO IS?

A

RNA building nucleotide

37
Q

How many nucleotides are needed

A

8

38
Q

Nucleotides are composed of

A

Nitrogen’s base, phosphate group, and Penrose sugar

39
Q

What are the. Main tissues in animals

A

Epithelial connective, nervous and muscle

Cell Biology (5 decks)

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