1.1 Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is the basic structural unit of life?
The cell
True or False: All living organisms are composed of cells.
True
What is the term for cells having different functions in an organism?
Cell diversity
Fill in the blank: Cell diversity is essential for ________ in multicellular organisms.
specialization
What are the two main types of cells in the human body?
Somatic cells and germ cells
Which type of cell is responsible for transmitting genetic information to offspring?
Germ cells
What is the term for the process by which cells become specialized for specific functions?
Cell differentiation
True or False: Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into various cell types.
True
What is the term for the ability of stem cells to divide and produce more stem cells or differentiate into specialized cells?
Self-renewal
Fill in the blank: Stem cells are found in ________ tissues.
adult
Which type of stem cell is found in embryos and can differentiate into any cell type?
Embryonic stem cells
What is the term for the process by which cells change in response to their environment?
Cell plasticity
True or False: Cell plasticity allows cells to adapt to different conditions and perform different functions.
True
What is the term for the ability of cells to change their fate and become a different cell type?
Transdifferentiation
Fill in the blank: Cell diversity is important for maintaining ________ in tissues and organs.
homeostasis
Which type of cells are responsible for repairing damaged tissues in the body?
Stem cells
What is the term for the process by which stem cells migrate to damaged tissues and differentiate into the required cell types?
Regeneration
True or False: Stem cells have the potential to be used in regenerative medicine to treat various diseases.
True
What is the term for the process by which cells become cancerous and grow uncontrollably?
Tumorigenesis
Fill in the blank: Tumorigenesis results from ________ in the normal cell cycle control mechanisms.
disruptions
Which type of cells have the ability to divide indefinitely and are often associated with cancer?
Cancer stem cells
What is the term for the study of the structure and function of cells?
Cell biology
True or False: All cells in an organism have the same genetic information.
True
Fill in the blank: Cells can differ in their gene expression patterns due to variations in ________.
environmental signals