11

Question 1

Container orchestration

Answer 1

Management and deployment of Containers

Question 2

Cloud native maturity model

Answer 2

3 dimensions:
1. cloud native services
2. application design
3. automation

Question 3

Twelve factors

Answer 3

I. Codebase
One codebase tracked in revision control, multiple deployments
II. Dependencies
Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies
III. Config
Store config in the environment
IV. Backing services
Treat backing services as attached resources
V. Build, release, run
Strictly separate build and run stages
VI. Processes
Execute the app as one or more stateless processes
VIl. Port binding
Export services via port binding
VIII. Concurrency
Scale out via the process model
IX. Disposability
Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown
X. Dev/prod parity
Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible
XI. Logs
Treat logs as event streams
XII. Admin processes
Run admin/management tasks as one-off processes in the production scenario

Question 4

Kubernetes: two things

Answer 4

Cluster for running applications
Orchestrator of cloud native microservices apps

Question 5

Pod

Answer 5

Management unit

Question 6

Master node components

Answer 6

Kube-apiserver:
Provides REST Interface for Kubernetes control plane and datastore, handles authentication and authorization
Cluster store: (etcd) is backing store. All cluster data is stored there
Controller Manager: launches and controls independent control loops
Kube-scheduler: selects node for newly created pod to run on

Two steps:
1. determine nodes that are capable of running the pod
2. rank the capable nodes

Question 7

Node components

Answer 7

Kubelet: manage pods on certain node
Container runtime: performs container related tasks
Kube-proxy: managed local cluster networking

Question 8

Pod

Answer 8

Group of containers
Provides environment for containers
Creates own network namespace
External access: Pod IP Adress + port of container

Question 9

Pod network

Answer 9

For pod to pod communication

Question 10

Services

Answer 10

Provides reliable networking for a set of pods
Each service is associated with own endpoints object

Question 11

Types of Services

Answer 11

ClusterIP service
NodePort service
LoadBalancer service
ExternalName service

Question 12

Kunernetes storsge

Answer 12

Persistent volume
Container Storage Interface
Persistent volume Subsystem

Question 13

Horizontal pod auto scaler

Answer 13

Modifies the desired number of replicas within declared bounds

Question 14

Vertical pod auto scaler

Answer 14

Calculates the resource requests for pods based on usage

Question 15

Cluster auto scaler

Answer 15

Adapts the number of nodes of the kybernetischen cluster and runs on the Master node