1.1, 1.2 Solids liquids and gases, Diffusion Flashcards
How does the kinetic particle theory link to state change
The energy of the particles determines the state because a particle needs a certain amount of energy to overcome the force of attraction
Properties of a liquid
No fixed shape, but take the shape of their container
Fixed volume
Can flow
Cannot be compressed
Particle arrangement of liquids
Have no regular arrangement
Are tightly packed, particles are touching each other
Move randomly at different speeds
Do not move far as they frequently collide with other particles
Have weaker forces of attraction compared to solids
Particle Arrangement of gases
Have no regular arrangement
Move randomly at different speeds, but much faster than liquids
Have very weak forces of attraction compared to solids
Properties of gases
No fixed shape, but take the shape of the container
Do not have a fixed volume of their container
Can flow
Can be compressed
Kinetic energy
KE=1/2mv*2
Particle arrangement of a solid
Have regular arrangement
Are tightly packed, particles are touching each other
Vibrate about their position
Have strong forces of attraction holding them in position
Changing state
To solid To liquid To gas
From s melting sublimation
From l Frezzing boiling/evap
From g deposition condensing
Kinetic particle theory
The kinetic theory of matter states that all matter consists of particles in constant motion
Properties of solids
Fixed shape and volume
Cannot be compressed
How do temperature and pressure affect volume of gas
When temp increases volume increase
when pressure increases volume decreases
What factors affect diffusion
Temperature
Concentration gradient
The effect of molecular mass on the rate of diffusion
The heavier the particle is, the slower it moves
Diffusion
The random spreading out of particles, the net movement of anything from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
What temperature and pressure are implied with room temperature and pressure
25C and 1atm
