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EXB 101 > 11-12. Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

11-12. Cellular Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

What does oxidative metabolism rely on?

A

Oxygen to breakdown fuels for energy

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2
Q

What does oxidative metabolism produce? Where?

A

ATP in the mitochondria of cells

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3
Q

In what way is oxidative metabolism better than anaerobic metabolism?

A

Yields more ATP

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4
Q

What is the primary method of energy production during endurance events (longer than 1 min)?

A

Oxidative metabolism

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5
Q

What are the stages of aerobic glycolysis?

A
  1. Glycolysis
  2. PDH rxn
  3. Krebs cycle
  4. Electron transport
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6
Q

Where does cellular respiration occur?

A

In mitochondria

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7
Q

What 2 metabolic pathways is cellular respiration an interaction between?

A
  • Krebs cycle

- Electron transport chain

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8
Q

What are the primary goals of cellular respiration?

A
  • Decarboxylation = formation of CO2
  • NADH production
  • ATP production
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9
Q

What are the primary goals of cellular respiration?

A
  • Decarboxylation = formation of CO2
  • NADH production
  • ATP production
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10
Q

Describe the basic structure of the mitochondrion.

A
  • Outer membrane = phospholipid bi-layer that contains porins (allow access of most ions and molecules to intermembrane space)
  • Inner membrane = impermeable to most ions; maintains electrochemical gradient
  • Cristae = folds that increase surface area
  • Matrix = cytosol in center of mitochondria
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11
Q

Where are the enzymes of the krebs cycle found?

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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12
Q

Where does the krebs cycle occur?

A

Matrix of mitochondria

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13
Q

What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle?

A

Complete oxidation of CHOs, fats, or proteins using NAD or FAD as E- and H+ carriers

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14
Q

Where are mitochondria found w/in the muscle fiber?

A

Intermyofibrilar = in between filaments

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15
Q

What substance does entry into the Krebs Cycle require? Where can it come from?

A

Acetyl CoA from either CHOs, fat, protein

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16
Q

How do pyruvate and lactate gain entry into the mitochondria?

A

Via a carrier protein MCT located in the inner membrane

17
Q

How do pyruvate and lactate gain entry into the mitochondria?

A

Via a carrier protein MCT located in the inner membrane

18
Q

What is the major determinant of CHO oxidation during dynamic exercise?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

19
Q

How does pyruvate dehydrogenase compete with lactate dehydrogenase for pyruvate?

A

Depends on which route pyruvate takes after glycolysis –> aerobic or anaerobic

20
Q

What is PDH actively regulated by?

A

Phosphorylation

21
Q

During glycolysis, what are the control points of glucose uptake?

A
  • GLUT 4

- Hexokinase?

22
Q

During glycolysis, what are the control points of glucose breakdown?

A
  • Phosphorylase

- Inorganic phosphate

23
Q

What are the control points of rate of glycolysis?

A
  • Phosphofructokinase

- Glucose 6 phosphate

24
Q

During glycolysis, what os the control point of the regulation of pyruvate oxidation?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

25
Q

What enzyme controls the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

26
Q

Name the rate limiting enzyme of the Krebs Cycle? What controls it?

A
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase
  • Inhibited by high levels of ATP and NADH
  • Stimulated by high levels of ADP and inorganic phosphate, Ca2+ entering the mitochondria
27
Q

Name the rate limiting enzyme of the Krebs Cycle? What controls it?

A
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase
  • Inhibited by high levels of ATP and NADH
  • Stimulated by high levels of ADP and inorganic phosphate, Ca2+ entering the mitochondria
28
Q

During the Krebs cycle, one acetyl group is converted to:

A
  • 2 CO2
  • 3 NADH
  • 1 FADH2
  • 1 GTP converted to ATP
29
Q

During the Krebs cycle, one acetyl group is converted to:

A
  • 2 CO2
  • 3 NADH
  • 1 FADH2
  • 1 GTP converted to ATP
30
Q

Where does the electron transport system function in the mitochondrion?

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane

EXB 101 (7 decks)

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