1.1 & 1.2 Flashcards
Qualitative observations:
the use of our sense
Quantitative observations:
the use of specialized tools to perform measurements
The Particle Theory of Matter:
Understanding the composition of matter & the effect of energy on matter as it relates to solid, liquid, & gas states.
The 3 types of particles that make up matter:
atoms, ions, & molecules. (M.I.A.)
What are Atoms made up of?
Protons, neutrons, & electrons (P.A.N.E.)
What is the smallest unit of matter?
Atoms
What is the nucleus made up of?
Protons & neutrons make up the nucleus & electrons are in the space around the nucleus.
What is the atomic number equal to?
To the # of protons.
What are equal in a neutral atom?
Protons & electrons
How are elements listed in the periodic table?
In order of increasing atomic number
Isotopes:
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons (differ in mass only).
How is the average atomic mass determined?
It’s based on the relative abundance of each of that elements isotopes present in nature.
What are molecules made up of?
2 or more atoms bound together
Ions:
Are atoms or molecules that are electrically charged.
Radiostopes:
Nuclei that have an unstable nucleus.
