109: U4: Peds assessment & NI's

Question 1

Surfactant lacking in premature infants (born before 34 weeks). NI’s:

Answer 1

Increased risk for respiratory distress syndrome as the alveoli collapse and stick together.

Question 2

Infants have smaller lower airways. NI’s:

Answer 2

Increased risk for obstruction by mucus, edema, and foreign bodies.

Question 3

Infants are obligatory nose breathers. NI’s:

Answer 3

Difficulty breathing if nose becomes congested (lasts until about 4 months). Suction before feeding. Risk for fluid volume deficit (can’t breath = can’t eat).

Question 4

Normal variations

Answer 4

Apnea for 10-15 seconds. Irregular Breathing pattern.

Question 5

Normal variations NI’s

Answer 5

Increased O2 needs. Count resps for one full minute. An increased resp rate = increased insensible loss.

Question 6

Normal Newborn Resp Rate

Answer 6

30-60

Question 7

Normal Infant Resp Rate

Answer 7

20-40

Question 8

Intercostal muscles not well developed. NI’s:

Answer 8

Increased risk for retractions. Suprasternal, Substernal, Subcostal, and Intercostal retractions.

Question 9

S/S of difficulty breathing:

Answer 9

Nasal flaring, grunting, irritability, restlessness.

Question 10

Eustacian tubes are positioned more horizontal than adults. NI’s:

Answer 10

Increased risk for bacteria entering the middle ear. At age 2, the risk for infections decrease as the tubes begin draining better.

Question 11

Abdominal muscles used to inhale until age 5 or 6. NI’s:

Answer 11

Belly breathers (adults are diaphragm breathers).

Question 12

Child’s larynx is more flexible. NI’s:

Answer 12

Increased susceptibility to spasm (Croop).