10.7 Adaptations

Question 1

What is an adaptation? (1 mark)

Answer 1

A characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival and reproduction in its environment.

Question 2

What are the three different types of adaptations? (3 marks)

Answer 2

Anatomical
Behavioural
Physiological

Question 3

Give two examples of anatomical adaptations. (2 marks)

Answer 3

Body coverings (hair etc.)
Camouflage
Teeth
Mimicry

Question 4

Give three adaptations of Marram grass, its environment has little water. (3 marks)

Answer 4

Curled leaves (minimise SA).
Hairs on inside surface of leaves (to trap moist air close to the leaf).
Stomata sunk into pits (less likely to open).
Thick waxy cuticle (prevent water loss through evaporation).

Question 5

Give four example of behavioural adaptations. (4 marks)

Answer 5

Survival behaviours (e.g. rabbits freeze).
Courtship
Hibernation
Migration

Question 6

What are the two types of behavioural adaptations? (2 marks)

Answer 6

Innate
Learned behaviour

Question 7

Give two examples of physiological adaptations. (2 marks)

Answer 7

Poison production
Antibiotic production
Water holding

Question 8

What do anatomical adaptations provide evidence for? (1 mark)

Answer 8

Convergent evolution

Question 9

What is convergent evolution? (1 mark)

Answer 9

When unrelated species begin to share similar traits.

Question 10

Why does convergent evolution happen? (1 mark)

Answer 10

Species adapt to the same environment.