1.06 - Gram Positive Rods and Gram Negative Cocci Flashcards
What is the antiphagocytic feature of Bacillus anthracis encoded by the PXO2 plasmid
poly-D-glutamic acid capsule
The exotoxin property of B. anthracis is encoded by the ___ plasmid
PXO1 plasmid
The edema toxin of B. anthracis functions by ___
inhibiting neutorphil function and elevating intracellular cAMP, therefore causing local edema
The edema toxin is a combination of ___
Protective Antigen (PA) and Edema Factor (EF) of B. anthracis
Cuttaneous anthrax starts as ___
painless dark pustule
Pulmonary anthrax is also known as
Wool sorter’s disease
Wool sorter’s disease is caused by (mode of transmission)
inhalation of spores of those who handle raw wool, hides or horse hair
The __ test uses a medium containing penicillin to diagnose and differentiate B. anthraces from B. cereus
Strings of Pearls Test
B. anthracis is gamma phage (positive or negative)
Gamma phage positive
What is the causative agent in the Chinese Restaurant Syndrome
B. cereus
on BAP, B. anthracis produces colonies that look ____
large, raised, opaque, grayish white colonies with media heads and ground glass appearance
B. cereus is resistant to ___
Cephalosporin
The virulence factor of B. cereus is the __
Glucoprotein S layer which promotes adherence and interaction with PMNs
Clinical manifestations of B. cereus
Opthalmitis
Gastroenteritis which may be emetic or diarrheal form
Treatment for B. cereus
Vancomycin, clindamycin, gentamycin
Morphology of corynebacterium diptheria
Chinese letter arrangement
Club-shaped swelling at one or both ends
Metachromatic granules
The important virulence factor of corynebacterium diphtheria is the ___ which ___ (state action of virulence factor)
Exotoxin which has lysogenic property
inhibits protein synthesis and EF2, lysogenic property
Mode of transmission of corynebacterium diptheriea
Droplets from throat through coughing and sneezing
Clinical manifestations of corynebacterium diptheria
Cutaneous - ulcer via punctured owund
Respiratory - colonize tonsils, nasal cavity and throat; pseudomembrane; bull neck appearance due to swollen lymph nodes
Lab diagnosis for corynebacterium diptheria
Loeffler’s slant
potassium tellurite plate
Elek’s toxigenicity test
Treatment of diptheria
antitoxin AND antibiotic (penicillin)
Listeria monocytogenes inhabits the __
GI and female genitourinary tract
This is the only gram-positive that has an endotoxin
Listeria monocytogenes
Virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes which acts as a hemolysin to escape from phagosome
LLO (Listeriolysin O)
Food product commonly affected by listeria monocytogenes
Dairy products, unpasteurized milk, and ground meat
Treatment and prevention of listeria monocytogenes
Ampicillin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin
most important clinical manifestation of erysipelothrix rhusipathiae
erysipelas in swine
Erysipeloud nodular cellulitis in humans
People at great risk for erysipelothrix rhusipathiae are___
fishermen, fish handlers, abattoir workers, butchers
What medium favors the growth of neisseria species
Thayer-Martin medium
Biochemical properties of neisseria meningitidis
catalase (+)
oxidase (+)
maltose and glucose fermenter
Treatment of neisseria menigitidis
Penicillin G
3rd gen cepahlosporin *ceftriaxone, cefotaxime
Prophylaxis for n. menigitidis
Rifampin and ciprofloxacin
