10.5a/10.5b Flashcards
What is an aircraft “product”?
An aircraft, engine or propeller
Before an aircraft gains a type certificate, what must the engines or propellers get?
A type certificate also
Once an aircraft has gained a type certificate, what is it eligible for?
A certificate of airworthiness
When an organisation has gained a type certificate of an aircraft they have successfully designed, what do they become?
The type certificate holder
What are airworthiness codes also known as?
Certification Specifications
What should be included in the application of a type certificate?
- a three-view directional drawing
- preliminary data
- operating characteristics
- limitations
Why can some type certifications require special conditions from EASA?
- the product has an unusual design
- the intended use of the product is unconventional
- unsafe conditions could develop (from previous similar products)
How long is a type certificate APPLICATION of a Large Aircraft effective for?
5 years
How long is a type certificate APPLICATION for a small aircraft effective for?
3 years (unless at time of application it is shown that it requires longer)
When would it be deemed necessary to propose a change to the type certificate of a product?
When any agency finds a;
- change in design
- change in power
- change in mass
- change in thrust
What does DOA stand for?
Design Organisation Approval
Who is eligible to apply for a Certificate of Airworthiness? (C of A)
Any person or organisation that the aircraft is registered to.
What language must the C of A be printed in?
One or more of the official languages of the EU
How long is the C of A valid for?
Remains valid indefinitely, as long as:
- it’s in compliance with type design and airworthiness requirements
- it remains on the same register
- the type certificate remains valid
- type certificate has not being surrendered or revoked
- requires validating with the Airworthiness Review Certificate (ARC)
What is the purpose of a C of A?
It is the internationally recognised document certifying an aircrafts sustainability to enter service
Does the C of A constitute an aircraft is serviceable?
No - it is only valid if it has received maintenance in accordance with the maintenance schedule
How often should the C of A be reviewed and re-validated?
Annually (ARC - Airworthiness Review Certificate)
Previously, BCAR’s were reviewed at what interval?
Every 3 years
What is an orphan aircraft?
- the legal person holding the TC ceases to exist
- the TC holder no longer complies with regulatory obligations
- the TC holder loses his DOA
- the TC holder has surrendered the TC
A restricted certificate of airworthiness is needed to continue to operate
Who can issue permits to fly?
- NAA
- EASA
- Part-21 company that has approval
- Approved CAMO’s
What is the purpose of a permit to fly?
An aircraft that does not meet airworthiness requirements but is capable of safe flight.
E.g. Development of a new aircraft
What is an ARC?
Airworthiness Review Certificate
If an organisation does not have approval to issue a permit to fly certificate they are to apply to their competent authority. What information should be presented?
- purpose of the flight
- the ways in which the aircraft does not comply with airworthiness requirements
- the approved flight conditions
The period of validity of a flight release certificate should not exceed what timescale?
14 days
If flight conditions are not approved at the time of application of a permit to fly, who should the approval be sent to?
- Agency = if the approval of flight conditions is related to the safety of design
- Competent Authority = if the approval of flight conditions is NOT related to the safety of design
If an EASA permit to fly is issued by an organisation other than the competent authority, what must be done?
Copies of the permits must be sent to the competent authority as soon as possible but no later than 3 days
How long is an EASA permit to fly valid for?
12 months
Is a permit to fly transferable?
No - unless it’s for an aircraft that is changing ownership but is remaining on the same register and under agreement of the competent authority.
Aircraft are required to have a Certificate of Registration. What is the one exception for this?
Non-EASA Aircraft
- Flight begins and ends in the U.K. without flying over any borders
- not used for public transport or aerial work
What is the national mark for a U.K. registered aircraft?
“G” followed by 4 letters
The ICAO requirement for noise applies to?
All aircraft
JAR-36 was replaced by what IR and CS?
IR = Part-21 and CS-36
Initial airworthiness and noise requirements
Who can modify or amend a noise certificate of an aircraft?
The issuing competent authority
When applying for a noise certificate, what must be issued no more than 60 days prior to the application?
A statement of conformity
How long are noise certificates valid for?
Unlimited duration
What is included in a Weight Schedule?
- Basic weight
- All items loaded to the aircraft per specific flight
An aircraft mass and CofG should be obtained in what intervals?
4-years for individual aircraft
9-years for fleet masses
What is the aircraft “dry” operating mass?
The aircraft without any added mass (traffic mass) on board (including fuel, cargo etc)
What is “traffic load”?
The amount of baggage, crew, PAX on the aircraft.
In what scenario would an aircraft not require weighing before operation?
If the aircraft is new into service, weighed at the factory and records of all modifications have been included.
When should the mass and centre of gravity of an aircraft be reviewed?
Whenever the cumulative changes to the dry operating mass and C of G alter by +/- 0.5%
A change to a radio is classed as what type of modification?
A major modification as it may interfere with other systems
How long is an Aircraft Radio installation licence valid for?
36 months - applied within 2-months in advance of renewal
What happens to the radio installation licence if an aircraft changes ownership?
It becomes invalidated
What is awarded when radio equipment is approved?
A certificate of approval of radio installation
What is a restricted type certificate used for?
An aircraft that doesn’t meet the provisions of a type certificate basis and/or environmental practices
Each type design of an aircraft must be…?
Adequately identified
What is a TCDS?
Type Certificate Data Sheet
When completing flight tests for the purpose of gaining a type certificate, how long must a new aircraft engine be tested for?
A minimum of 300 hours
What must a holder of a type certificate for an aircraft produce?
Manuals that are updated and maintained
What can be delayed before an aircraft has entered into service?
Some portions of the manuals/instructions
What is classified as a minor change in type design?
Any change that does not affect:
- Structural strength
- Mass
- Balance
- Reliability
- Operational characteristics
- Noise
- Fuel venting
- Exhaust emissions
- Any other characteristic affecting airworthiness
What is a supplemental type certificate used for?
Organisations who aren’t the type certificate holder that are wanting to make modifications to an aircraft. Issued by the NAA.
When is a supplemental type certificate able to be transferred?
When the natural or legal person is able to demonstrate its ability to qualify for design organisation approval (DOA)
If the supplemental type certificate is revoked or surrendered, what must be done?
It must be returned to EASA.
Who can apply for a permit to fly?
Any authorised person
What is included under “Flight Conditions” when applying for a permit to fly?
- configuration
- conditions or restriction necessary
- substantiation that the aircraft is capable of safe flight
- method used for the control
What form is used for the U.K. registration of an aircraft?
The CAA - CA1 form
How many certificates of registration (CofR) can an aircraft have?
1 CofR
Where are the legal requirements set out for aircraft registration?
Article 4 of the ANO
How must an operator determine the mass of the fuel on board?
Using the actual density or if not known, the density calculated in in accordance with a method specified in the operations manual.
The interval between two fleet mass/CofG evaluations should not exceed what?
48 months
Before radio equipment is installed, what must be done?
It must be approved by the NAA prior to being put into service
What is an ETSOA?
European Technical Standard Order Authorisation (ETSOA)
Who can install radio equipment?
A person who is duly licensed or otherwise permitted
