1.04 Human Anatomy Introduction Flashcards
What is the origin of the word “anatomy”?
From the Greek word “anatomē”, which means “dissection’’ or ‘‘to cut apart.”
Original anatomical understanding came largely from observations of what?
Dissected plants and animals.
What three languages were originally used in naming anatomical structures?
Greek, Latin, and Arabic.
Why is it a necessity to have a standard reference position in anatomy?
So that structures and areas of the body could be described in relation to each other.
What is the anatomical term for the standard reference position in anatomy?
The anatomical position.
Describe the anatomical position.
It refers to a person standing erect with the head, eyes, and palms facing forward. The feet are together with the toes pointing forward and the arms are hanging by the sides.
What are the four structure levels in the body?
Cells, tissues, organs, and systems.
What is the most basic structure level of the body?
Cells
What do cells come together to form?
Tissue
What are the three main types of tissue?
Muscular, nervous, and connective tissue.
What is formed by two or more tissues combining to serve as a specialized physiologic center for the body?
An organ.
The stomach is an example of a what?
An organ.
What type of tissue lines the stomach?
Epithelial tissue.
What type of tissue forms the walls of the stomach?
Muscle tissue
What is the physiological function of the stomach?
To prepare ingested food for digestion.
What is digestion?
The process of breaking down food into small enough units for absorption,
What is connective tissue?
The tissue that binds together and supports vasious structures of the body.
What type of tissue are tendons and ligaments?
Connective tissue.
What is epithelial tissue?
Tissue that covers the surface of the body and lines the body cavities, ducts, and vessels.
What is the most complex structural level of the body?
Systems
Organs that function cooperatively and have a common purpose are said to be part of the same what?
Body system.
Which body system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines? (The common purpose being the digestion and absorption of food.)
The digestive system
What is absorption?
The uptake of nutrients across a tissue or membrane by the gastrointestinal tract.
What is the esophagus?
The food pipe; the conduit from the mouth to the stomach.
What seven body systems should a fitness professional by familiar with?
Cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, skeletal. nervous. muscular, and endocrine.
