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C10- THE HALOGENS > 10.3- REACTIONS OF HALIDE IONS > Flashcards

10.3- REACTIONS OF HALIDE IONS Flashcards

1
Q

Can halide ions act as rerducing agents?

A

yes

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2
Q

What happens in reaction where the halide ion is a reducing agent?

A

halide ions lose electrons and become halogen molecules

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3
Q

What is the trend in reducing ability linked to?

A

linked to size of ions

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4
Q

If the ion is larger, how does this affect how easily it loses an electron?

A

larger the ion, more easily it loses an electron

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5
Q

Why can larger ions lose an electron more easily?

A

because electron lost from outer shell which is further from nucleus as ion gets larger so attraction to outer electron less

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6
Q

How does reducing power changes down the halogen group?

A

reducing power increases

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7
Q

What reaction reflects the reducing power of the halide ions?

A

solid sodium halides react with concentrated sulphuric acid- products different + reflect reducing power of halide ions

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8
Q

What happens when drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is added to solid sodium chloride?

A

steamy fumes of hydrogen chloride is seen

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9
Q

What is the solid product formed when sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

sodium hydrogensulfate

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10
Q

What is the symbol equation for the reation between sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid?

A

NaCl (s) + H2SO4 (l) = NaHSO4 (s) + HCl (g)

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11
Q

When sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid react, is this a redox reaction?

A

it is not a redox reaction

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12
Q

When sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid react, why is it not a redox reaction?

A

no oxidation state has changed

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13
Q

Why does no oxidation state change?

A

chlorine is too weak a reducing agent to reduce sulphur in sulphuric acid

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14
Q

What type of reactions is it when sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

acid-base reaction

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15
Q

What can the sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid reaction be used to prepare?

A

hydrogen chloride gas

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16
Q

What was hydrogen chloride gas once called?

A

salt gas

17
Q

Where does a similar reaction to sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid happen?

A

with sodium fluoride and concentrated sulphuric acid

18
Q

What dangerous product is formed when sodium fluoride and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

extremely dangerous gas that will etch glass

19
Q

Is the fluoride ion a weaker or stronger reducing agent in comparison to the chloride ion?

A

fluoride ion is an even weaker reducing agent than the chloride ion

20
Q

What happens when sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid react? (2)

A

steamy fumes of hydrogen bromide and brown fumes of bromine

21
Q

What else is formed when sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

colourless sulphur dioxide also formed

22
Q

How many reactions occur when sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

two reactions occur

23
Q

What is first produced when sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

sodium hydrogensulfate and hydrogen bromide

24
Q

What type of reactions is it when sodium hydrogensulfate and hydrogen bromide is produced?

A

acid-base reaction

25
Q

What is the equation for when sodium hydrogensulfate and hydrogen bromide is produced from reacting sodium bromide and concentrated sulphuric acid?

A

NaBr (s) + H2SO4 (l) = NaHSO4 (s) + HBr (g)

26
Q

Why do the bromide ions reduce the sulphuric acid to sulphur oxide?

A

they are strong enough reducing agents

27
Q

What is the second reaction of sodium bromide and concentrates sulphuric acid known as?

A

redox reaction

28
Q

Are the reactions exothermic or endothermic?

A

exothermic and some of the bromine vaporises

29
Q

What do you see when sodium iodide and concentrates sulphuric acid react? (2)

A

steamy fumes of hydrogen iodide

black solid of iodine

30
Q

What can be smelt when sodium iodide and concentrates sulphuric acid react?

A

bad egg smell of hydrogen sulphide gas present

31
Q

What may also be seen when sodium iodide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

yellow solid sulphur may also be seen

32
Q

What is also evolved when sodium iodide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

colourless sulphur dioxide

33
Q

How many reactions take place when sodium iodide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

several reactions occur

34
Q

What is produced in the acid-base reactions first when sodium iodide and concentrates sulphuric acid react?

A

hydrogen iodide

35
Q

What is the equation for when hydrogen iodide is formed when sodium iodide and concentrated sulphuric acid react?

A

NaI (s) +H2SO4 (l) = NaHSO4 (s) + HI (s)

36
Q

Is iodide ions or bromide ions better reducing agents?

A

iodide ions are better reducing agents

37
Q

As iodide ions are better reducing agents than bromide ions what do they do to sulphuric acid?

A

reduce sulphur in sulphuric acid even further

38
Q

As the sulphur in the sulphuric acid is reduced even further by the iodide ions, what does this produce?

A

sulphur dioxide, sulphur and hydrogen sulphide gas produced

C10- THE HALOGENS (4 decks)

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