102 Head and Neck Muscles Flashcards
What are the 3 kinds of muscles in the human muscular system?
- Smooth Involuntary
- Striated Involuntary
- Striated Voluntary
Which muscles are striated voluntary?
Skeletal Muscles
What is the basic unit of contraction in skeletal muscle?
Sarcomere
What is the role of the origin end of skeletal muscle?
The origin muscle definition is the site where bone and muscle are attached, but do not move during contraction.
What is the insertion end of the muscle attached to?
Insertion is attached to the more moveable structure
What are the functions of skeletal muscles?
- Responsible for voluntary and reflex movements
- Move body parts or entire body
- Maintain posture
- Generate body heat
What is TMJ and why is it important?
Temporomandibular Joint.
The TMJ attaches mandible to jaw and is located just in front of ear.
Skeletal muscles in the head and neck region can be divided into how many main groups?
Six main groups
- Superficial Cervical Muscles
- Muscles of the tongue
- Muscles of the pharynx and soft palate
- Muscles of mastication
- Muscles of facial expression
- Hyoid muscles
What are the superficial cervical muscles?
- Sternocleidomastoid muscles
- Trapezius Muscles
What are the hyoid muscles attached to?
Attached to the hyoid bone
What do hyoid muscles assist in?
Hyoid muscles assist in
- Mastication (chewing)
- Swallowing
- Speech
What shape is the hyoid bone?
Horse-shoe shaped
What are the 4 Suprahyoid Muscles?
- Mylohyoid
- Geniohyoid
- Digastric
- Stylohyoid
What are the 4 Infrahyoid Muscles?
- Sternothyroid
- Sternohyoid
- Omohyoid
- Thyrohyoid
What are the 2 bellies of the Digastric Muscle?
Anterior Belly
Posterior Belly
What is the origin and insertion of the sternothyroid muscle?
Origin - Posterior surface of sternum
Insertion - thyroid cartilage
What is the origin and insertion of the thyrohyoid muscle?
Origin - Thyroid cartilage
Insertion - Hyoid bone
What is the origin and insertion of the sternohyoid muscle?
Origin - Posterior & Superior surface of sternum
Insertion - Hyoid bone
What is the origin and insertion of omohyoid inferior belly muscle?
Origin - superior border of scapula
Insertion - short tendon
What is the origin and insertion of the omohyoid Superior belly?
Origin - short tendon
Insertion - Lateral border of the body of hyoid bone
What is the action of the digastric muscle?
Either elevates the hyoid bone or depresses the mandible.
Which muscle determines the extent of Denture flanges?
The mylohyoid muscle
Which muscle is superficial to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
Stylohyoid Muscle
What is the origin of the stylohyoid muscle?
Styloid process of the temporal bone
What is the insertion of the stylohyoid muscle?
Body of hyoid bone
What is the action of the stylohyoid muscle?
Elevates and retracts the hyoid bone
Which muscles are involved in opening the mouth?
Bilateral lateral pterygoid and bilateral anterior supra suprahyoid.
