102 Head and Neck Muscles

Question 1

What are the 3 kinds of muscles in the human muscular system?

Answer 1

• Smooth Involuntary
• Striated Involuntary
• Striated Voluntary

Question 2

Which muscles are striated voluntary?

Answer 2

Skeletal Muscles

Question 3

What is the basic unit of contraction in skeletal muscle?

Answer 3

Sarcomere

Question 4

What is the role of the origin end of skeletal muscle?

Answer 4

The origin muscle definition is the site where bone and muscle are attached, but do not move during contraction.

Question 5

What is the insertion end of the muscle attached to?

Answer 5

Insertion is attached to the more moveable structure

Question 6

What are the functions of skeletal muscles?

Answer 6

• Responsible for voluntary and reflex movements
• Move body parts or entire body
• Maintain posture
• Generate body heat

Question 7

What is TMJ and why is it important?

Answer 7

Temporomandibular Joint.
The TMJ attaches mandible to jaw and is located just in front of ear.

Question 8

Skeletal muscles in the head and neck region can be divided into how many main groups?

Answer 8

Six main groups
- Superficial Cervical Muscles
- Muscles of the tongue
- Muscles of the pharynx and soft palate
- Muscles of mastication
- Muscles of facial expression
- Hyoid muscles

Question 9

What are the superficial cervical muscles?

Answer 9

• Sternocleidomastoid muscles
• Trapezius Muscles

Question 10

What are the hyoid muscles attached to?

Answer 10

Attached to the hyoid bone

Question 11

What do hyoid muscles assist in?

Answer 11

Hyoid muscles assist in
- Mastication (chewing)
- Swallowing
- Speech

Question 12

What shape is the hyoid bone?

Answer 12

Horse-shoe shaped

Question 13

What are the 4 Suprahyoid Muscles?

Answer 13

1. Mylohyoid
2. Geniohyoid
3. Digastric
4. Stylohyoid

Question 14

What are the 4 Infrahyoid Muscles?

Answer 14

1. Sternothyroid
2. Sternohyoid
3. Omohyoid
4. Thyrohyoid

Question 15

What are the 2 bellies of the Digastric Muscle?

Answer 15

Anterior Belly
Posterior Belly

Question 16

What is the origin and insertion of the sternothyroid muscle?

Answer 16

Origin - Posterior surface of sternum
Insertion - thyroid cartilage

Question 17

What is the origin and insertion of the thyrohyoid muscle?

Answer 17

Origin - Thyroid cartilage
Insertion - Hyoid bone

Question 18

What is the origin and insertion of the sternohyoid muscle?

Answer 18

Origin - Posterior & Superior surface of sternum
Insertion - Hyoid bone

Question 19

What is the origin and insertion of omohyoid inferior belly muscle?

Answer 19

Origin - superior border of scapula
Insertion - short tendon

Question 20

What is the origin and insertion of the omohyoid Superior belly?

Answer 20

Origin - short tendon
Insertion - Lateral border of the body of hyoid bone

Question 21

What is the action of the digastric muscle?

Answer 21

Either elevates the hyoid bone or depresses the mandible.

Question 22

Which muscle determines the extent of Denture flanges?

Answer 22

The mylohyoid muscle

Question 23

Which muscle is superficial to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?

Answer 23

Stylohyoid Muscle

Question 24

What is the origin of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 24

Styloid process of the temporal bone

Question 25

What is the insertion of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 25

Body of hyoid bone

Question 26

What is the action of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 26

Elevates and retracts the hyoid bone

Question 27

Which muscles are involved in opening the mouth?

Answer 27

Bilateral lateral pterygoid and bilateral anterior supra suprahyoid.