10.2 Brain Structure and Neurotransmitters Part 2 Flashcards
What is the telencephalon?
left and right cerebral hemispheres
What is the left cerebral hemisphere mainly responsible for?
primarily controls motor functions of the right side of the body and speech
What is the right cerebral hemisphere mainly responsible for?
primarily controls motor functions of the left side of the body and visual-spatial reasoning and music
What is the cerebrum?
large, paired cerebral hemispheres
What are the cerebral hemispheres responsible for?
conscious thought process and intellectual functions
What are the four lobes that make up the cerebral hemispheres?
frontal
temporal
parietal
occipital
What are the main functions of the frontal lobe?
initiates all voluntary movements, complex reasoning skills, and problem solving
What are the main functions of the parietal lobes?
general sensations and gustations
What are the main functions of the temporal lobes?
processing auditory and olfactory sensation, short-term memory, language comprehension, and emotion
What is the main function of the occipital lobes?
process visual information
What is the basal nuclei?
composed of gray matter located deep in the brain that functions in voluntary motor control and procedural learning related to habits
What makes up the limbic system?
amygdala, cingulate gyrus, and hippocampus
What is the basic function of the limbic system?
emotion and memory
What are the main functions of dopamine?
reward
mood
pleasure
smooth motor movements
focus
attention
What are the main functions of serotonin?
mood
digestion
sleep
memory
sexual desire
What are the main functions of melatonin?
circadian rhythm
sleepiness
sleep initiation
What is the main purpose of GABA?
primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain
What are the main functions of acetylcholine?
excitation at the neuromuscular junction
parasympathetic system activity
What are the main functions of epinephrine?
fight or flight response
What are the main functions of glutamine?
primary excitatory neurotransmitter of the brain
learning
memory
long-term potentiation
