102 - Basic Field First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of first aid?

A

To save lives, prevent further injury and preserve vitality and resistance to infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Steps to examining an injured person

A
  1. keep them lying down - move only if necessary
  2. reassure and keep comfortable
  3. do not touch open wounds or burns unless when sterile bandages are not available and it is necessary to stop severe bleeding
  4. do not give the unconscious food or drink
  5. do not move victims with broken bones until stabilized
  6. always transport feet first
  7. maintain body temp
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ABC’s

A

Airway
Breathing
Conscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Shock

A

A life threatening medical condition that results from insufficient blood flow through the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Symptons of Shock

A
Weak/rapid pulse
shallow rapid irregular breathing
cool, pale, clammy skin
nausea or vomiting
weakness, fatigue, dizziness or faint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Treatment of Shock

A
Lay the victim down
Keep them still and dont move
loosen tight clothing
cover with a blanket to prevent chilling
no food or water
turn onto side if vomiting to prevent choking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of Fractures

A

Simple (closed) - no break in the skin

Compound (open) - punctured through the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

1st Degree Burn Signs/Symptoms

A

Superficial/minimal skin damage.

Red, minor swelling, inflammation and pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

1st Degree Burn Treatment

A

Soak in cool water, take ibuprofen and use antibiotic ointment to prevent infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2nd Degree Burn Signs/Symptoms

A

extends past the top layer of skin, causes blisters and a mottled appearance with a red base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

2nd Degree Bun Treatment

A

keep clean and bandage to prevent infection, use a cold compress, apply antibiotic cream, take ibuprofen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3rd Degree Burn Signs/Symptoms

A

The most severe/ causes the most damage - extends through all layers of skin and can cause nerve damage. Shows as dark/charred skin that is waxy looking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rules of 9

A

used to give a rough estimate of the surface area affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chest Wounds

A
Seal & secure (keep air tight)
give oxygen if available
watch for shock
do not give food or drink
transport to medical asap
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Abdominal wounds

A

immediate surgical treatment is almost always necessary. do not touch or try to push intestines back into body if exposed. keep the victim calm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Head Wounds

A

never give any medications, keep victim laying flat unless wound is on back of head; then turn to side, watch for shock and do not use direct pressure if skull appears to be fractured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Eye injuries

A

Do not rub eyes, do not press against or try to manipulate it in any way, do not use objects to try and remove anything from the eye, use eye wash or fresh water to rinse eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Facial Wounds

A

ensure airway is not blocked and allow blood to flow through the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Types of bleeding

A

Veins - steady flow
Arteries - gushes out in rhythm of pulse
Capillaries - oozes out slowly

20
Q

Control Bleeding

A

Direct pressure
elevation
indirect pressure (pressure points)
tourniquet (last choice option)

21
Q

pressure points (22)

A

Facial (jaw) - bleeding below eyes
Sub clavin (collar bone) - shoulder/upper arm
Brachial (mid upper arm) - upper arm/elbow
Radial/Ulnar (wrist) - bleeding in the hand
Iliac (hip) - bleeding in the thigh
Anterior/Posterior Tibial (ankle) - bleeding in foot
superficial (ear) - bleeding from temple up
Femoral (hip) - bleeding from thigh
Popliteal (knee) - ankle/knee

22
Q

Spinal injuries

A

do not move unless necessary
lay flat and stabilize the neck
watch /treat for shock
keep reassured/comfortable

23
Q

Heat Exhaustion Signs/Symptoms

A

Pale skin that is cool and clammy to the touch, headache and nauseous

24
Q

Heat Exhaustion Treatment

A

remove extra clothing, lay down and apply cool compresses to armpits/groin, move to a cool place and give water or electrolyte fluids

25
Heat Cramps Signs/Symptoms
Muscle cramps/spasms, excessive sweating
26
Heat Cramps Treatment
Move to a cool place, give water and massage muscles
27
Heat Stroke Signs/Symptoms
Nausea, dizziness, confusion, weakness, rapid breathing, flushed very hot skin
28
Heat Stroke Treatment
Cool the body and transport to medical asap
29
Prevention of Causalities
Education on proper hydration Limit coffee, soda and caffeine intake is a command responsibility
30
Hypothermia
Cooling of the entire body below normal temps
31
Signs/Symptoms of Hypothermia
Progressive shivering, sluggishness, drowsiness, confusion, unconscious, shock, numbness
32
Treatment Of Hypothermia
Move to a warm place and raise body temp with blankets or body to body heat transfer
33
Prevention of cold injuries
warm layered clothing keep clothing dry gloves, insulated boots and gloves keep hydrated
34
Treatment of Fractures
``` immobilize the limb wrap with pressure keep elevated treat for shock never apply force ```
35
Reinforce Battle Dressings
apply additional sterile dressings over the battle dressing and secure with an elastic bandage
36
Litter Bearer Procedures
use stretchers fasten victim to stretcher always move feet first/head first up a ladder
37
MEDEVAC
Medical Evacuation
38
How many lines of a MEDEVAC?
9
39
Line 1
grid location for pick up
40
Line 2
radio freq/call sign
41
Line 3
number of patients by precedance
42
Line 4
special equipment needed
43
Line 5
number of patients by type
44
Line 6
number and type of wounds
45
Line 7
method of marking pickup site
46
Line 8
patient nationality/status
47
Line 9
NBC contamination