10.1 The Regulations

Question 1

What is Hard Law?

Answer 1

Binding regulations/rules

Question 2

What is Soft Law?

Answer 2

Non-binding standards

Question 3

What does IR stand for?

Answer 3

Implementing Rule

Question 4

What’s does AMC stand for?

Answer 4

Acceptable Means of Compliance

Question 5

What does GM stand for?

Answer 5

Guidance Material

Question 6

What does CS stand for?

Answer 6

Certification Specifications

Question 7

What is IR?

Answer 7

• Binding by their entirety
• Used to specify a high and uniform level of safety and uniform conformity and compliance
• Adopted by the CAA in the form of regulations

Question 8

What does section A describe?

Answer 8

The requirements with which an organisation or individual must comply and gives guidance on how these requirements can be satisfied

Question 9

What is Section B about?

Answer 9

Procedures for the CAA to follow in order to regulate approved companies and individuals

Question 10

What is GM?

Answer 10

• Non-binding explanatory and interpretation material on how to achieve the requirements contained in the basic regulations

Question 11

What is CS?

Answer 11

• Non - binding technical standards adopted by the UK CAA to meet the essential requirements of the basic regulation

Question 12

What is the UK Basic Regulation?

Answer 12

UK REG (EU) 1018/1139

Question 13

What does UK REG (EU) 1018/1139 - (UK Basic Regulation) regulate?

Answer 13

• To establish and maintain high level of civil aviation safety
• Details how CAA fulfils obligation to UK, and meet ICAO SARPS
• Applies to design, product, maintenance and operation of aeronautical products, parts, and appliances, as well as personnel and organisations involved in the design, production and maintenance of such products, parts, and appliances as well as the operation of the aircraft
• Doesn’t apply when listed things are involved in military, police, etc
• 141 Articles and 10 Annexes

Question 14

What is the UK Initial Airworthiness Regulation?

Answer 14

UK Reg (EU) 748/2012

Question 15

What does UK Reg (EU) 748/2012 (UK Initial Airworthiness Regulation) regulate?

Answer 15

• Governing the airworthiness and certification of products, parts, and appliances
• 12 Articles and 3 Annexes

Question 16

What does Part - 21 detail?

Answer 16

Requirements needed to carry out design or production of aircraft products, parts or appliances

Question 17

What are some examples of CS?

Answer 17

• CS-23 Normal category Aeroplanes
• CS-25 Large aeroplanes
• CS-27 Small Rotorcraft
• CS-29 Large Rotorcraft
• CS-ETSO / UKTSOA approval of parts and appliances

Question 18

In UK Reg (EU) 748/2012 (the UK Initial Airworthiness Regulation) what to the CS specify?

Answer 18

Standards which the design and manufacture of aircraft and aircraft components must meet

Question 19

What does UK Reg (EU) 748/2012 specifies and/or authorise?

Answer 19

• The issue of type certificates, restricted type certificates, supplemental type certificates, and changes to those certificates.
• The issue of certificates of airworthiness, restricted certificates of airworthiness, permits to fly, and authorised release certificates.
• The issue of repair design approvals.
• The showing of compliance with environmental protection requirements.
  -The issue of noise certificates.
• The identification of products, parts, and appliances.
• The certification of certain parts and appliances.
• The certification of design and production organisations.
• The issue of airworthiness directives.

Question 20

What is the UK Continuing Airworthiness Regulation?

Answer 20

UK Reg (EU) 1321/2014

Question 21

What does the UK Reg (EU) 1321/2014 (UK Continuing Airworthiness Regulation) regulate?

Answer 21

• The continued airworthiness of aircraft, parts, etc
• Establishes common technical requirements and administrative procedures
• 9 Articles and 8 Annexes

Question 22

What are the 9 Articles of Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014?

Answer 22

Article 1 – Subject matter and scope
Article 2 - Definitions
Article 3 - Continuing airworthiness requirements
Article 4 - Approvals for organisations involved in the continuing airworthiness [of aircraft]
Article 5 - Certifying staff
Article 6 - Training organisation requirements
Article 7 - Regulation (EC) No 2042/2003 is repealed.
Article 7a - Competent authorities - Repealed
Article 8 - Entry into force
Article 9 - Agency measures - Provision repealed before document was retained.

Question 23

What are the first 4 Annexes for Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014?

Answer 23

• Annex I (Part‑M) – defines the requirements for the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and components.
• Annex II (Part‑145) – sets up the requirements for the approval of organisations involved in the maintenance of large aircraft or of the aircraft used for commercial air transport, and components intended for fitment thereto.
• Annex III (Part‑66) – lays down the requirements for the qualification of certifying staff.
• Annex IV (Part‑147) – establishes the requirements for organisations involved in the training of certifying staff.

Question 24

What are the 2 different sections of Annexes?

Answer 24

Section A – Technical Requirements - This describes the requirements with which an organisation or individual must comply and gives guidance on how these requirements can be satisfied.
Section B – CAA Requirements - This Section establishes the administrative requirements to be followed by the CAA .

Question 25

What is the regulation for Mandatory Occurrence Reporting?

Answer 25

UK Reg (EU) No 376/2014

Question 26

What does UK Reg (EU) No 376/2014 (UK Mandatory Occurrence Reporting Regulation) regulate?

Answer 26

- Ensure safety intelligence is available to support safety management efforts - Establishes a framework, across aviation domains and at each level to ensure the collection of as complete as possible safety occurrence data and its analysis with a view to support the full spectrum of safety management activities, including the adoption and implementation of mitigation actions where relevant

Question 27

What does UK Reg (EU) No 376/2014 (UK Mandatory Occurrence Reporting Regulation) aim to improve?

Answer 27

Aviation safety by ensuring that the industry is aware of risks it is facing and takes relevant measures to lower those risks It ensures: - That, where appropriate, safety action is taken in a timely manner based on analysis of the information collected; - The continued availability of safety information by introducing rules on confidentiality and on the appropriate use of information and through the harmonised and enhanced protection of reporters and persons mentioned in occurrence reports; and - that aviation safety risks are considered and dealt with

Question 28

What rules does the regulation lay down?

Answer 28

- The reporting of occurrences that endanger or which, if not corrected or addressed, would endanger an aircraft, its occupants, any other person, equipment, or installation affecting aircraft operations; and the reporting of other relevant safety-related information in that context. - Analysis and follow-up action in respect of reported occurrences and other safety-related information. - The protection of aviation professionals. - Appropriate use of collected safety information. - The dissemination of anonymised information to interested parties for the purpose of providing such parties with the information they need in order to improve aviation safety.

Question 29

What articles do the regulations contain?

Answer 29

- Mandatory reporting & voluntary reporting. - Quality and content of occurrence reports. - Collection and storage of information. - Processing of requests and decisions. - Record of requests and exchange of information. - Occurrence analysis. - Confidentiality and appropriate use of information. - Protection of the information source.