101 SPIRITUALITY Flashcards
is generally thought to refer to the human tendency to seek meaning & purpose in life, inner peace and acceptance, forgiveness and harmony, hope, beauty, and so forth
spirituality
is usually applied to ritualistic practices & organized beliefs
religion
is a person who doubts the existence of God or a Supreme Being or believes the existence of God has not been proved
agnostic
is one without belief in a deity
atheist
is the belief of a single god
monotheism
is the belief of multiple gods
polytheism
refers to reverence for nonhuman beings, such as animals and plants
animism
is the belief in a connection between humans and natural beings
totemism
refers to “a disturbance in the belief or value system that provides strength, hope, and
meaning to life”
spiritual distress
Expresses lack of hope, meaning of life, inadequate acceptance of self
spiritual distress
Expresses feeling abandoned or anger toward power greater than self
spiritual distress
Refuse interaction with significant others
spiritual distress
Exhibits sudden changes in spiritual practices
spiritual distress
Requests (or refused) to interact with a spiritual leader
spiritual distress
Has no interest in nature or in reading spiritual literature
spiritual distress
often portrayed as the opposite of spiritual distress
spiritual health / spiritual wellness or well-being
it is thought to not occur by chance, but by choice
spiritual health
results when individuals intentionally seek to strengthen their spiritual muscles, as it were, through various spiritual disciplines
spiritual health
is an intuitive, interpersonal, altruistic, and integrative expression that is contingent on the nurse’s awareness of the transcendent dimension of life but that reflects the patient’s reality
spiritual nursing care
It refers to the spiritual beliefs or ways of thinking that help people cope with their challenges
spiritual / religious coping
positive religious coping
adaptation / adapt to illness
negative religious coping
maladaptation
Theories about human development include not just theories about physical, cognitive, & moral development, but also spiritual development.
spiritual development
when assessing or supporting client spirituality, it is necessary to appreciate how spirituality & religiosity evolve with ___
age and life experiences (under spiritual development)
the creator of guidelines for nurses
winslow & wehtje-winslow (2007)
guidelines for nurses
FFDSP
- First seek a basic understanding of clients’ spiritual needs, resources, & preferences (i.e., assess)
- Follow the client’s expressed wishes regarding spiritual care
- Do not prescribe or urge clients to adopt certain spiritual beliefs or practices, and do not pressure them to relinquish such beliefs or practices
- Strive to understand personal spirituality and how it influences caregiving
- Provide spiritual care in a way that is consistent with personal beliefs
religious practices
holy days, sacred texts, sacred symbols, prayer, meditation, beliefs affecting diet, beliefs about illness and healing, beliefs about dress and modesty, beliefs related to death, beliefs related to birth
May include fasting or special foods, reflection, rituals, and prayer
holy days
Solemn religious observances & feast days throughout the year
holy days
Concept of Sabbath is common to both Christians & Jews, in response to biblical commandment “Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy.”
sacred texts
Christians observe the “Lord’s Day” on
Sunday
sacred texts
Jews & sabbatarian Christians (e.g., Seventh-Day Adventists) observe Saturday as their Sabbath
sacred texts
Muslims traditionally gather on Friday at noon to worship & learn about their faith
sacred texts
christians observe the Lords day on? when
sunday
jews and sabbatarian christians observe sabbath on? when
saturday
examples of jews & sabbatarian christians
seventh day adventist
muslims gather at noon to worship and learn about their faith on? when
friday
include jewelry, medals, amulets, icons, totems, or body ornamentation (e.g., tattoos) that carry religious or spiritual significance
sacred symbols
May be worn to pronounce one’s faith, to remind the practitioner of the faith, to provide spiritual protection, or to be a source of comfort or strength
sacred symbols
Involves humans pleading or experiencing the divine
prayer
Inner experience for gaining awareness of self
prayer
The act of focusing one’s thoughts or engaging in self-reflection or contemplation
meditation
Some people believe that through this, one can influence or control physical & psychological functioning & the course of illness
meditation
types of prayer
ritual, petitionary, colloquial, meditational
memorized prayers that can be repeated. it is used for prayers in ancient times and cultures
ritual
example of ritual prayer
Hail Mary
intercessory prayers when one is requesting something of the divine
petitionary
example of petitionary prayer
“God cure me!”
conversational prayers or Spontaneously conversing with God
colloquial
moments of silence focused on nothing, a meaningful phrase, or a certain aspect of the divine
meditational
Many religions have prescriptions regarding diet
beliefs affecting diet
There may be rules about which foods & beverages are allowed and which are prohibited
beliefs affecting diet
Some clients may ascribe disease to the innate presence of sin & evil in this world
beliefs about illness and healing
Others may believe the disease is a punishment for sin in their past
beliefs about illness and healing
Many religions have traditions that
dictate dress
beliefs about dress and modesty
Orthodox Jewish women cover their hair with a wig or scarf as a sign of respect to God
beliefs about dress and modesty
Mormons may wear temple undergarments in compliance with religious dictates
beliefs about dress and modesty
it is imperative that they not shave certain hair (e.g., sideburns for Hasidic Jewish men, any hair for a Khalsa [dedicated] Sikh
beliefs about dress and modesty
it is an important event giving cause for celebration
beliefs related to birth
Many believe that the person who dies transcends this life for a better place or state of being
beliefs related to death
how filipinos respond to stress or getting ill
denial and fatalistic resignation behavior
other responses to stress or getting ill
shock, fear & anxiety, shame & guilt
management for fatalistic resignation behavior
- Do not interfere but do not encourage them
- Discourage the extreme attitude of leaving everything to God at the expense of developing self-reliance
factors affecting spiritual needs
crisis (spiritual), support system, religion, hospitalization during religious holidays
spiritual responses to stress / crisis
spiritual: pain, alienation, anxiety, guilt, anger, loss, despair
areas of concern in assessing spiritual needs
- Person’s source of strength & hope
- Person’s concept of God
- Significance of religious practices & rituals to the person
- Person’s perceived relationship, spiritual belief, & state of health
spiritual assessment tool
FICA
Faith and beliefs
Importance and influence
community
Address
it is shared within a group
religion
