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FMF STUDY GUIDE > 101 History, Rank, Courtesies > Flashcards

101 History, Rank, Courtesies Flashcards

1
Q

USMC B-Day?

A

NOV 10th, 1775
Tun Tavern
Philadelphia
2 Battalions

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2
Q

Captain Samuel Nicholas?

A

Traditionally considered the first Commandant of the Marine Corps.

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3
Q

When/how did Marines came under the Department of the Navy?

A

The National Security Act
of 1947, the 1952 amendment states the present structure.

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4
Q

What year was the National Security act created and amended?

A

1947/1952

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5
Q

What nickname did the Marines receive during the Revolutionary War in 1776?

A

Leatherneck

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6
Q

Who did the Marines attack at Burma on the Shores of Tripoli?

A

Barbary Pirates (1805)

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7
Q

What year did the Marines occupy the halls of Montezuma?

A

1847

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8
Q

Who was in command at Harpers Ferry?

A

Colonel Robert E. Lee (1859)

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9
Q

When did the USMC adopt the EGA?

A

1868

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10
Q

Who modified the British Royal Marine emblem?

A

BGen Jacob Zeilin, 7th Commandant

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11
Q

What motto was adopted by the USMC in 1883?

A

Semper Fidelis (Latin for always faithful)

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12
Q

What year was the Boxer Rebellion?

A

1900

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13
Q

What did the Marines protect during the Boxer Rebellion?

A

The Legation Quarter against attack

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14
Q

What year did the USMC establish its aviation unit?

A

1913

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15
Q

Who was the USMC first pilot?

A

Major Alfred A. Cunningham

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16
Q

What year were 5th and 6th Marines awarded the French Fourragere?

A

1917

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17
Q

What year was the USMC reorganized into FMF?

A

1933

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18
Q

What was established at Quantico, VA?

A

The Marine Corps Equipment Board

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19
Q

Where did the Marines land in 1965?

A

Vietnam and Dominican Republic

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20
Q

What was the pacification program during the Vietnam war?

A

A program designed to win the support the local populace.

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21
Q

What year did Marines deploy to Lebanon?

A

1982

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22
Q

Why did Marines deploy to Lebanon?

A

Restore peace

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23
Q

What date was the suicide bombing in Lebanon?

A

23 OCT 1983

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24
Q

How many casualties resulted from the Lebanon bombing?

A

241 KIA, 70 wounded

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25
Q

What was the withdraw date from Lebanon?

A

July 1984

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26
Q

What year was Operation Desert Storm?

A

1991

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27
Q

Why was Desert Storm launched?

A

Iraqi government refused to comply with the united nations resolutions

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28
Q

What is the official name for the war in Afghanistan?

A

OEF (Operation Enduring Freedom)

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29
Q

How and on what date did OEF begin?

A

In consequence of 9/11, on 7 OCT 2001 a mix of strikes from U.S. and Britain.

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30
Q

What dates make up the invasion of Iraq?

A

March 20 - May 1, 2003

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31
Q

Who were the U.S. allies during the invasion of Iraq?

A

Australia, Poland and the Kingdom.

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32
Q

When was the first battle of Fallujah?

A

April 2004

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33
Q

What was the operation name of first battle of Fallujah?

A

Operation Vigilant Resolve

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34
Q

What date was the second battle of Fallujah?

A

Nov/Dec 2004

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35
Q

What operations made up the second battle of Fallujah?

A

Al-Fajr (Aribic for “the dawn”), Phantom Fury

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36
Q

The Battle of Belleu Wood occurred during which war?

A

WWI

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37
Q

What did the French rename Belleu Wood?

A

The wood of the Brigade of Marines

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38
Q

German intel evaluated the Marines as what?

A

Storm Troops

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39
Q

Germans referred to Marines as what?

A

Teufelhunden

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40
Q

What date was the battle of Guadalcanal?

A

7-Aug-42

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41
Q

Where was the first US land offensive of WWII?

A

Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands

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42
Q

What was the first two “firsts” in the battle of Guadalcanal?

A

1st US land offensive of WWII
1st combat test of new amphibious doctrine

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43
Q

Why was the battle of Guadalcanal a turning point of the war in the Pacific?

A

Provided a base to launch further invasions

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44
Q

Amphibious landings took place on what 3 islands after Guadalcanal?

A

New Georgia, Choiseul (Feint), Bougainville

45
Q

Japanese commander claimed “a million Americans 100 years to conquer” what islands?

A

Tarawa Atoll, Betio Island

46
Q

What date did the Marines land on Tarawa?

A

20-Nov-43

47
Q

How long did it take to secure Tarawa Atoll?

A

76 hours

48
Q

Why was the battle of Tarawa so deadly?

A

Extended reef forced Marines to offload hundreds of yards from the beaches. Subjected to gunfire and drowning

49
Q

What Islands make up the Mariana’s

A

Saipan, Guam, Tinian

50
Q

What year were the Mariana Islands invaded?

A

Summer 1943

51
Q

Why were the Mariana’s invaded?

A

To provide needed Air Force and Navy bases

52
Q

Who landed the invasion at Tinian?

A

LtGen Holland M. Smith

53
Q

LTGen Smith’s invasion force totaled how many Marines and Soldiers?

A

136,000

54
Q

When was the battle of Iwo Jima?

A

19-Feb-45

55
Q

How many casualties did the USMC suffer during Iwo Jima?

A

23,300

56
Q

What did admiral Chester W. Nimitz say regarding Iwo Jima?

A

Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue

57
Q

The battle of Chosin Reservoir took place during what year?

A

NOV 1950

58
Q

Who cut off the Marines during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir?

A

Chinese Communist forces

59
Q

How many divisions did the Marines destroy during the Battle of Chosin Reservior?

A

7/10

60
Q

What was the major significance of the retrograde movement during Chosin?

A

Brought out all operable equip, properly evacuated wounded and dead, maintained tactical integrity

61
Q

What date was the battle of Hue City?

A

Jan 1968

62
Q

What two cities were occupied during the holiday of TET?

A

Hue and Citadel

63
Q

Hue city was the first time Marines fought in built up areas since what war?

A

Korean

64
Q

How was progress measured during the battle of Hue city?

A

Yards

65
Q

What date was Hue secured?

A

25 FEB 1968

66
Q

What year did Brevet Brigadier General Archibald Henderson become Commandant?

A

1820

67
Q

How long did Gen Henderson hold his command?

A

39

68
Q

What year did Gen Henderson die?

A

1859

69
Q

Gen Henderson led the Marines through what events?

A

Indian Wars, War with Mexico, opening of China, Disorders in Central America

70
Q

What was Archibald Henderson’s nickname?

A

Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps

71
Q

What 3 higher standards did Gen Henderson introduced?

A

appearance, training, discipline

72
Q

Gen Henderson believed that Marines were capable of more than what duties?

A

Sea and Guard

73
Q

Sgt Major John Quick is remembered for what performance?

A

Cuzco Well (Guantanamo Bay, Cuba) - helped seize an advanced base for the Atlantic Fleet battalion of Marines

74
Q

Why was SgtMaj quick awarded the medal of honor?

A

Semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish and American shellfire

75
Q

What year did the capture and defense of advanced bases become a primary mission of the USMC?

A

1898

76
Q

What is Gunny Dan Daly remembered for saying during the Battle of Belleau Wood?

A

“Come on, you sons of a bitches, do you want to live forever?”

77
Q

Where did SgtMaj Daly earn two Medals of Honor?

A

Chinese Boxer Rebellion, First Caco War in Haiti

78
Q

LTGen Louis B. Puller earned what two nicknames?

A

Tiger of the mountains (1930), Chesty

79
Q

How many Marines were with Chesty Puller from Nicaragua to the Honduran border?

A

32

80
Q

Who is recognized for prowess in aerial dogfights?

A

Major Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington

81
Q

Major Boyington was in command of what?

A

VMH-214, the ‘Black Sheep’

82
Q

How many kills did Major Boyington have?

A

28 by 1945

83
Q

Who was in command of Ira Hayes?

A

MajGen Harry Schmidt

84
Q

Ira H. Hayes was a member of what Amphibious Corps of Marines?

A

5th

85
Q

What kind of Indian was Ira Hayes what flag raising was he known for?

A

Pima
Mount Suribachi

86
Q

How was Corporal Hayes immortalized?

A

Second flag raising on 23 FEB 1945

87
Q

Who was the USMCs 1st enlisted woman?

A

Opha Mae Johnson

88
Q

What date did Private Johnson enlist?

A

13 AUG 1918

89
Q

What was the official title of female enlisted Marines?

A

Marine Reserve (F)

90
Q

What were the two common titles for female enlisted Marines?

A

Skirt Marines, Marinettes

91
Q

Who served as the Director of Women Marines?

A

Colonel Margaret A. Brewer

92
Q

What period did Colonel Margaret A. Brewer serve as the director of WM?

A

1973-1977

93
Q

When did BGEN Margaret A. Brewer become the Corps’ first general officer?

A

11 May 1978

94
Q

What was John H. Bradley’s rate/rank?

A

Pharmacist’s Mate Second Class

95
Q

Joe Rosenthal’s photo was used on posters to fund what?

A

7th War Loan bond drive

96
Q

What flag raising did John Bradley participate in?

A

Second

97
Q

How did John H. Bradley earn the Navy Cross?

A

Rushed through mortar and machine gun fire to shield a Marine with his own body, administer plasma, bandage wounds and drag the casualty 30yds to safety.

98
Q

Who did Robert R. Ingram serve with?

A

Company C, First Battalion, Seventh Marines

99
Q

Robert Ingram was a MOH recipient for actions on what date?

A

28 MARCH 1966 in Vietnam

100
Q

How many bullet wounds did Robert Ingram sustain?

A

4

101
Q

At what distance should a salute be rendered?

A

At least 6 paces but no more than 30

102
Q

What act of heroism was Cpl Jason Dunham known for in Iraq of April 2004?

A

Covered a grenade with his helmet and body, bearing the brunt of the explosion and shielding his Marines from the blast.

103
Q

Why was Cpl Dakota Meyer awarded the medal of honor?

A

Evacuated over two dozen Afghan soldiers and recovered the bodies of his team members after 5 trips and 6 hours of combat.

104
Q

At what distance should a salute be rendered?

A

At least 6 paces but no more than 30

105
Q

USMC Officer Rank/paygrade

A

General (Gen) O-10
Lieutenant General (LtGen) O-9
Major General (MGen) O-8
Brigadier General (BGen) O-7
Colonel (Col) O-6
Lieutenant Colonel (LtCol) O-5
Major (Maj) O-4
Captain (Capt) O-3
First Lieutenant (1st Lt) O-2
Second Lieutenant (2nd Lt) O-1
Chief Warrant Officer (CWO-5) W-5
Chief Warrant Officer (CWO-4) W-4
Chief Warrant Officer (CWO-3) W-3
Chief Warrant Officer (CWO-2) W-2
Warrant Officer (WO-1) W-1

106
Q

USMC Enlisted Rank/paygrade

A

Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps E-9
Sergeant Major (SgtMaj) E-9
Master Gunnery Sergeant (MGySgt) E-9
First Sergeant (1stSgt) E-8
Master Sergeant (MSgt) E-8
Gunnery Sergeant (GySgt) E-7
Staff Sergeant (SSgt) E-6
Sergeant (Sgt) E-5
Corporal (Cpl) E-4
Lance Corporal (LCpl) E-3
Private First Class (PFC) E-2
Private (Pvt) E-1

107
Q

Process to render honors while boarding and departing ships 0800 to sunset?

A

Face aft upon reaching the top of the gangway (brow)
Salute the National Ensign
Salute the officer of the deck (OOD), who will be standing on the quarterdeck at the head
of the gangway.
Request permission to come aboard.

108
Q

What is the process to board a small boat?

A

Inverse order of rank

FMF STUDY GUIDE (12 decks)

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