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101- Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anion

A

An ion that carries a negative charge

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2
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in each type of atom

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3
Q

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

A

Energy stored in ATP is used in nearly all of the endergonic reactions in cells

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4
Q

Blood Ph Level

A

7.35-7.45

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5
Q

Buffer

A

Mixture of an acid and a base that reduces any changes in pH that would otherwise occur in a solution when acid or base is added to the solution

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6
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Simple sugars bonded together by chemical bonds. Source of “quick energy”

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7
Q

Catabolism

A

All of the decomposition reactions that occur in the body. Releases energy

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8
Q

Cations

A

Ions carrying a positive charge

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9
Q

Collagen

A

Rope like proteins of the extra cellular matrix. Supportive protein of cartilage, skin, etc.

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10
Q

Colloid

A

Atoms or molecules dispersed in matter that resist separation from the liquid, gas, or solid.

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11
Q

Compound

A

Substance composed of two or more different types of atoms that are chemically combined

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12
Q

Covalent bond

A

Chemical bond characterized by the sharing of electrons

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13
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Cavity that contains the brain and is protected by the skull

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14
Q

Cytology

A

Study of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell.

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15
Q

Cell

A

It is the fundamental, structural, and functional unit of living organisms

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16
Q

Tissues

A

a group of similarly specialized cells which together perform certain special functions.

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17
Q

Organs

A

A group of two or more different kinds of cells that form to make an organ that performs a specialized job

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18
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

Traces changes throughout life.

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19
Q

Digestive system

A

Made up of the stomach, small and large intestine, colon, rectum, etc. used to breakdown, absorb, and use nutrients.

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20
Q

Dipole

A

a molecule whose ends carry opposite partial charges.

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21
Q

Distal

A

remote; farther from any point of reference.

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22
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Larger cavity that contains the cranial cavity and vertebral canal

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23
Q

Effector

A

An organ or cell that acts in response to a stimulus

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24
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged subatomic particle in an atom

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25
Elements
Substance composed of atoms of only one kind
26
Energy
The ability or power to do physical or mental work
27
Enzyme
Protein that acts as a catalyst.
28
Growth
Developing physically, mentally, emotionally, etc.
29
Histology
Science dealing with the structure of cells, issues, and organs in relation to their function.
30
Homeostasis
State of equilibrium in the body with respect to functions, fluids, and tissues.
31
Hydrogen bond
Small opposite charges are connected through a hydrogen bond. Can occur within a molecule or between different molecules
32
Imbalance of homeostasis
Sickness, disease, etc.
33
Immune system
System that is used to defend the body from infection and disease
34
Ionic bond
Chemical bond that is formed when one atom loses an electron and another accepts that electron
35
Ions
Atom or group of atoms carrying a charge of electricity by virtue of having gained or lost one or more electrons.
36
Isotope
Either of two or more atoms that have the same atomic number but a different number of neutrons.
37
Lateral
Of or towards the sides of the body
38
Kinetic energy
Motion energy or energy energy that can do work
39
Lipid
Composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. Fat
40
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
41
Mediastinum
A membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ.
42
Microscopic anatomy
the study of microscopic structures of tissues and organs
43
Mixture
A substance made of two or more mixed substances but not chemically bonded
44
Molecule
Composed of two or more atoms chemically combined to form a structure that behaves as an independent unit
45
Neutron
Neutral particle in the nuclei of the atom
46
Nonpolar covalent bonds
A covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms.
47
Oblique cut
A slanted cut
48
Organic compounds
any compound of carbon and another element or a radical
49
Body organization
Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism
50
Parietal pleural
(parietal pleura) pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm.
51
pH scale
measures how acidic or basic a substance is
52
Physiology
deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.
53
Polar covalent bond
When electrons are shared but not equally
54
Potential energy
The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors.
55
Proteins
A macromolecule made up of amino acids. Used to build muscles
56
Proton
A subatomic particle with a positive charge
57
Proximal
Situated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.
58
Radiant energy
energy that is transmitted in the form of (electromagnetic) radiation; energy that exists in the absence of matter.
59
Receptor
Structural protein within the cytoplasm that binds to a specific factor. Chemical signal
60
Redox reaction
A reaction in which electrons are transferred from a donor to an acceptor molecule
61
Responsiveness
responsive to stimulation.
62
RNA
Carries info from DNA to make and process proteins
63
Anatomy
The bodily structure of an organism.
64
Anterior
situated in the front of the body
65
Atom
The basic unit of a chemical element.
66
Cephalic
Of, in, or relating to the head.
67
Embryological anatomy
The branch of biology that deals with the formation, early growth, and development of living organisms.
68
Frontal cut
Cuts body into front and back half
69
Endocrine system
the system of glands that produce endocrine secretions that help to control bodily metabolic activity
70
Gross anatomy
The branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye
71
Histological anatomy
The study of structure ad functions of organs and tissues
72
Sagittal cut
Cut that divides body into two halves but the brain is two unequal halves
73
Salt
Compuond resulting from a reaction between an acid and a base
74
Serous membranes
Tissue that lines the insides of internal cavities of the body
75
Sodium
Salt. An element. Found in the body
76
Solution
A homogenous mixture of two or more substances
77
Solvent
Dissolved in a solute to form a solution
78
Speed of chemical reactions
Depends on the size and temperature
79
Superficial
Occurring on the surface or just beneath the skin
80
Superior
Situated on top of another structure
81
Synovial
A clear, viscid lubricating fluid secreted by membranes
82
Thoracic cavity
Contains the heart ad lungs

HOE (3 decks)

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