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HOE > 101- Exam 1 > Flashcards

101- Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anion

A

An ion that carries a negative charge

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2
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of protons in each type of atom

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3
Q

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

A

Energy stored in ATP is used in nearly all of the endergonic reactions in cells

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4
Q

Blood Ph Level

A

7.35-7.45

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5
Q

Buffer

A

Mixture of an acid and a base that reduces any changes in pH that would otherwise occur in a solution when acid or base is added to the solution

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6
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Simple sugars bonded together by chemical bonds. Source of “quick energy”

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7
Q

Catabolism

A

All of the decomposition reactions that occur in the body. Releases energy

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8
Q

Cations

A

Ions carrying a positive charge

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9
Q

Collagen

A

Rope like proteins of the extra cellular matrix. Supportive protein of cartilage, skin, etc.

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10
Q

Colloid

A

Atoms or molecules dispersed in matter that resist separation from the liquid, gas, or solid.

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11
Q

Compound

A

Substance composed of two or more different types of atoms that are chemically combined

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12
Q

Covalent bond

A

Chemical bond characterized by the sharing of electrons

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13
Q

Cranial cavity

A

Cavity that contains the brain and is protected by the skull

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14
Q

Cytology

A

Study of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell.

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15
Q

Cell

A

It is the fundamental, structural, and functional unit of living organisms

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16
Q

Tissues

A

a group of similarly specialized cells which together perform certain special functions.

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17
Q

Organs

A

A group of two or more different kinds of cells that form to make an organ that performs a specialized job

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18
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

Traces changes throughout life.

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19
Q

Digestive system

A

Made up of the stomach, small and large intestine, colon, rectum, etc. used to breakdown, absorb, and use nutrients.

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20
Q

Dipole

A

a molecule whose ends carry opposite partial charges.

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21
Q

Distal

A

remote; farther from any point of reference.

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22
Q

Dorsal cavity

A

Larger cavity that contains the cranial cavity and vertebral canal

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23
Q

Effector

A

An organ or cell that acts in response to a stimulus

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24
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged subatomic particle in an atom

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25
Q

Elements

A

Substance composed of atoms of only one kind

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26
Q

Energy

A

The ability or power to do physical or mental work

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27
Q

Enzyme

A

Protein that acts as a catalyst.

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28
Q

Growth

A

Developing physically, mentally, emotionally, etc.

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29
Q

Histology

A

Science dealing with the structure of cells, issues, and organs in relation to their function.

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30
Q

Homeostasis

A

State of equilibrium in the body with respect to functions, fluids, and tissues.

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31
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

Small opposite charges are connected through a hydrogen bond. Can occur within a molecule or between different molecules

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32
Q

Imbalance of homeostasis

A

Sickness, disease, etc.

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33
Q

Immune system

A

System that is used to defend the body from infection and disease

34
Q

Ionic bond

A

Chemical bond that is formed when one atom loses an electron and another accepts that electron

35
Q

Ions

A

Atom or group of atoms carrying a charge of electricity by virtue of having gained or lost one or more electrons.

36
Q

Isotope

A

Either of two or more atoms that have the same atomic number but a different number of neutrons.

37
Q

Lateral

A

Of or towards the sides of the body

38
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Motion energy or energy energy that can do work

39
Q

Lipid

A

Composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. Fat

40
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

41
Q

Mediastinum

A

A membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ.

42
Q

Microscopic anatomy

A

the study of microscopic structures of tissues and organs

43
Q

Mixture

A

A substance made of two or more mixed substances but not chemically bonded

44
Q

Molecule

A

Composed of two or more atoms chemically combined to form a structure that behaves as an independent unit

45
Q

Neutron

A

Neutral particle in the nuclei of the atom

46
Q

Nonpolar covalent bonds

A

A covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally between the two atoms.

47
Q

Oblique cut

A

A slanted cut

48
Q

Organic compounds

A

any compound of carbon and another element or a radical

49
Q

Body organization

A

Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism

50
Q

Parietal pleural

A

(parietal pleura) pleura that lines the inner chest walls and covers the diaphragm.

51
Q

pH scale

A

measures how acidic or basic a substance is

52
Q

Physiology

A

deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

53
Q

Polar covalent bond

A

When electrons are shared but not equally

54
Q

Potential energy

A

The energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, stresses within itself, electric charge, and other factors.

55
Q

Proteins

A

A macromolecule made up of amino acids. Used to build muscles

56
Q

Proton

A

A subatomic particle with a positive charge

57
Q

Proximal

A

Situated nearer to the center of the body or the point of attachment.

58
Q

Radiant energy

A

energy that is transmitted in the form of (electromagnetic) radiation; energy that exists in the absence of matter.

59
Q

Receptor

A

Structural protein within the cytoplasm that binds to a specific factor. Chemical signal

60
Q

Redox reaction

A

A reaction in which electrons are transferred from a donor to an acceptor molecule

61
Q

Responsiveness

A

responsive to stimulation.

62
Q

RNA

A

Carries info from DNA to make and process proteins

63
Q

Anatomy

A

The bodily structure of an organism.

64
Q

Anterior

A

situated in the front of the body

65
Q

Atom

A

The basic unit of a chemical element.

66
Q

Cephalic

A

Of, in, or relating to the head.

67
Q

Embryological anatomy

A

The branch of biology that deals with the formation, early growth, and development of living organisms.

68
Q

Frontal cut

A

Cuts body into front and back half

69
Q

Endocrine system

A

the system of glands that produce endocrine secretions that help to control bodily metabolic activity

70
Q

Gross anatomy

A

The branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues that are visible to the naked eye

71
Q

Histological anatomy

A

The study of structure ad functions of organs and tissues

72
Q

Sagittal cut

A

Cut that divides body into two halves but the brain is two unequal halves

73
Q

Salt

A

Compuond resulting from a reaction between an acid and a base

74
Q

Serous membranes

A

Tissue that lines the insides of internal cavities of the body

75
Q

Sodium

A

Salt. An element. Found in the body

76
Q

Solution

A

A homogenous mixture of two or more substances

77
Q

Solvent

A

Dissolved in a solute to form a solution

78
Q

Speed of chemical reactions

A

Depends on the size and temperature

79
Q

Superficial

A

Occurring on the surface or just beneath the skin

80
Q

Superior

A

Situated on top of another structure

81
Q

Synovial

A

A clear, viscid lubricating fluid secreted by membranes

82
Q

Thoracic cavity

A

Contains the heart ad lungs

HOE (3 decks)

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