101 Flashcards
What term refers to the positive act of intentionally ending a person’s life to relieve suffering?
Active Euthanasia
Which type of euthanasia occurs when a terminally ill patient is allowed to die at their own request?
Passive and Voluntary Euthanasia
Which type of euthanasia involves actively ending a terminally ill patient’s life without their consent?
Active and Non-voluntary Euthanasia
What is the term for the ethical theory that focuses on the consequences of actions?
Teleology
Who is considered the father of utilitarianism?
Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill
What ethical principle refers to the obligation to do good and promote well-being?
Beneficence
Which principle emphasizes the duty to avoid causing harm to others?
Nonmaleficence
What document outlines a patient’s instructions for future medical care if they become incapacitated?
Advance Directive
What is the term for the legal document that appoints someone to make healthcare decisions on behalf of an incapacitated individual?
Medical Power of Attorney (Health Care Proxy)
What is the Greek word for ‘easy death,’ commonly used to describe mercy killing?
Euthanasia
Which type of euthanasia occurs when medical treatment is withheld, allowing a patient to die naturally?
Passive Euthanasia
What term refers to the ethical obligation of keeping patient information private?
Confidentiality
Which ethical principle emphasizes truthfulness and honesty with patients?
Veracity
What is the term for intentionally withholding critical information from a patient?
Omission
Which ethical theory emphasizes following a set of moral rules regardless of the outcome?
Deontology
What term refers to the right of individuals to make their own healthcare decisions?
Autonomy
What is the term for the removal of a gangrenous limb to save the rest of the body?
Amputation
Which term describes a healthcare decision made to protect a patient who lacks the capacity to decide for themselves?
Paternalism (Parentalism)
What term refers to a medical order that prevents CPR or resuscitation efforts?
Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)
What is the term for an individual who legally performs euthanasia in some countries?
Obiatrist
What is the Greek word for ‘ethics,’ meaning behavior?
Ethos
What is the science of morality of human acts?
Ethics
What are the three essential qualities of human acts?
Knowledge of the act, Freedom, Voluntary
What field seeks to understand values affecting decisions and actions in healthcare, health research, and policy?
Health Ethics
What is the study of behavior concerning human life from birth to natural end?
Bioethics
What is defined as the ‘science which guides human reaction and tends to make a man’s action and man himself good’?
Ethics
Who defines ethics as ‘the standards of conduct and the moral judgment and values upon which these standards are based’?
Cafferty
What Latin word means ‘customs or values’ and deals with the conduct of man?
Mores
What ethical theory is described as ‘duty-oriented’ and examines the rightness or wrongness of actions based on their outcomes?
Deontology
What ethical theory focuses on the consequences of actions to determine their moral value?
Teleology
Who are the two key figures in Utilitarianism?
Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill
What type of ethics appeals to a set of criteria, norms, or rules for decision-making?
Rule Ethics
What type of ethics emphasizes weighing the consequences of an action to decide its morality?
Act Ethics
Which ethical theory focuses on developing character traits like honesty and courage?
Virtue Ethics
What is the term for a choice between two equally justifiable or unfavorable alternatives?
Ethical Dilemma
What is the Latin word for ‘to be strong,’ referring to beliefs and convictions held as important?
Valere
What core nursing value reflects concern for the welfare and well-being of others?
Altruism
What is the right to self-determination in healthcare decisions?
Autonomy
What term refers to respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals?
Human Dignity
What nursing core value emphasizes acting honestly and ethically in practice?
Integrity
What principle requires healthcare providers to be fair and treat everyone equally?
Justice
What is the term for the obligation to tell the truth in healthcare?
Veracity
What is the term for faithfulness to promises and responsibilities in nursing?
Fidelity
What term refers to ensuring no harm is inflicted upon patients?
Nonmaleficence
What principle requires healthcare professionals to actively promote good for patients?
Beneficence
What is the process of allowing natural death by withholding or withdrawing treatment?
Passive Euthanasia
What is the term for euthanasia performed with the patient’s explicit consent?
Voluntary Euthanasia
What is the term for euthanasia performed without the patient’s consent?
Non-voluntary Euthanasia
What is the term for a written document that outlines a patient’s healthcare wishes if they become incapacitated?
Living Will
What law regulates the nursing profession in the Philippines?
Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 (RA 9173)
