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Computer > 1002 A+ 3 > Flashcards

1002 A+ 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is pwd?

A

Print working directory.

  • displays current working directory path.
  • useful when changing directories often.
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2
Q

How to move files in Linux?

A

mv [source] [destination]

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3
Q

How to change name of file in Linux?

A

mv [filename] [new name]

*must be in active directory.

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4
Q

How to copy a file in Linux?

A

cp [source] [destination]

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5
Q

How to delete a file or directory in Linux?

A

rm

rm -r = removes a directory with sub-directories.

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6
Q

How to create directory in Linux?

A

mkdir [name]

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7
Q

What does “chmod 744 script.sh” do in Linux?

A

chmod changes permissions.

744 is the binary to say which permissions to set.
744 = rwx r— r—

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8
Q

chmod a-w first.txt

A

All users, no writing to first.txt

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9
Q

chmod u+x script.sh

A

The owner of script.sh can execute the file.

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10
Q

How to change ownership of file in Linux?

A

chown

Ex.
Sudo chown professor script.sh

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11
Q

What does

iwconfig eth0 essid studio-wireless

Do?

A

Changes the ssid on eth0 to “studio-wireless.”

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12
Q

Newer way of seeing ifconfig on Linux?

A

“ip address”

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13
Q

ps -e

A

Lets you view all processes on Linux.

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14
Q

What is “vi” in Linux?

A

It’s like nano, lets you edit files.

Ex.
vi [filename]

To insert text: i [text]
Exit inserting: escape
Save and quit: :wq

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15
Q

How does the “dd” command work?

A

Convert and copy a file.
- & backup and restore an entire partition.

Ex.
dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/sda-image.img

*to restore just reverse the source and destination.

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16
Q

How to terminate a process/app in Linux?

A

Sudo killall firefox

kill [pid]

xkill
- GUI

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17
Q

What is a mantrap?

A

Only 1 door can be opened/unlocked at a time. Never more than 1 at a time.

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18
Q

What is WPA2-PSK?

A

Wpa2 personal.
A “pre-shared key”

Everyone uses the same 256 bit key.

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19
Q

What is WPA2-802.1x?

A

Wpa2 enterprise.

Authenticates users individually with an authentication server.
- Radius, TACACS+

*can add additional factors.

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20
Q

What is an MDM?

A

Mobile device manager.

Manage company-owned and user-owned devices.

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21
Q

Port security (such as for USB ports) can be done by checking what?

A

The MAC address of the connected device.

22
Q

What is a SID?

A

Security Identifier.

In windows, every user account has one.

23
Q

What is DLP?

A

Data loss prevention.

Can protect against data leakage.

Often requires multiple solutions.

24
Q

What is an ACL?

A

Access control list.

Used to allow or deny traffic.
- they evaluate based on criteria like source ip, destination ip, port numbers, icmp, etc.

25
Q

What is Windows Recovery Environment?

A

Very powerful/dangerous.

Last resort.

Complete control, can remove malware directly, can change OS and do almost anything.

Windows 7 - f8 advanced boot menu on startup
Windows 8/10 - troubleshoot/advanced options/command prompt.

26
Q

What is an SOE?

A

Standard operating environment.

Tested and approved hardware/software for a network.

27
Q

How to protect against non-compliant systems?

A

Apply OS policies to prevent non-complaint software.

Perform period scans.

Monitor network for application traffic.
- new firewalls can sometimes do this.

28
Q

What is a “power user” on windows?

A

More access than a normal user but less than an admin.

29
Q

NTFS vs Share permissions?

A

Share permissions only apply for “network shares”.

If overlap, the most restrictive setting wins.

NTFS permissions are inherited from parent object.

30
Q

How to view shares available on your system?

A

“Net share” in command line.

Hidden shares, like C$, are created during installation.

The “$” indicates a share.

31
Q

What is WPS?

A

WiFi protected setup.
- aka WiFi simple config.

Allows someone to connect to a wireless access point without putting in a passcode, by pressing a button on the WAP or getting a pin from it, something like that.

Discontinued in 2011, anybody can hack in in about 4 hours. Not safe.

32
Q

What is NAC?

A

Network access control.
802.1X controls.

You can’t communicate unless you are authenticated.

33
Q

What can you find in Event Viewer?

A

Improper logins (other people)
Unexpected app use
Failed login attempts

34
Q

How to view logs from an iPhone?

A

In Xcode.

35
Q

How to view logs from an Android phone?

A

In Logcat.

36
Q

What is SOX?

A

Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

A finance regulation.

The public company accounting reform and investor protection act of 2002.

37
Q

What is HIPAA?

A

The health insurance portability and accountability act.

Extensive healthcare standards for storage, use and transmission of healthcare information.

38
Q

What is GLBA?

A

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999.

Disclosure of privacy information from financial institutions.

39
Q

What are AUP’s?

A

Acceptable use policies.

Used by orgs to limit legal liability.
- if someone is dismissed, these are the well-documented reasons why.

Covers many topics like internet use, phones, computers, etc.

40
Q

What is a UPS?

A

Uninterruptible power supply.

  • short term backup power.
  • blackouts, brownouts, surges.

UPS Types:
Offline/standby UPS
Line-interactive UPS
On-line/double-conversion UPS

41
Q

What is an off-line/standby UPS?

A

Constantly watches line voltage and if that voltage disappears, it switches all of the power to come from the batteries in the UPS.

When main voltage returns, it switches back to the main voltage line.

42
Q

What is a line-interactive UPS?

A

It can slowly ramp-up how much voltage it’s providing.

If you have a brownout or some voltage loss, it can provide a little additional voltage from the batteries.

43
Q

What is an on-line/double-conversion UPS?

A

In many data centers.

You are always running from the batteries which are being refreshed from the main line.

No waiting if main voltage drops out.

44
Q

How many Joules should a surge protector be?

A

600+ is best.

200 = good
400 = better

High amps is best too.

45
Q

Explain UL 1449 voltage let-through ratings?

A

Ratings at 500, 400 and 330 volts.

Lower is better.

46
Q

Should you use isopropyl alcohol to clean the outside of computerized devices?

A

No.

Use a neutral detergent.

47
Q

What is DRM?

A

Digital rights management.

Dictates the use of the software.

48
Q

What is the file extension for powershell?

A

.ps1

49
Q

Powershell is included in which versions of windows?

A

8/8.1 and 10.

50
Q

What is a .vbs extension?

A

Visual Basic script.

Best for automating MS office applications, but also can be for desktops and servers.

51
Q

! Signifies what kind of file?

A

A shell script.

Shell scripts are for Unix/Linux.

52
Q

What is VNC?

A

Virtual network computing.

Remote frame buffer (RFB) protocol.
Clients for many OSs.
Many are open source.

Computer (11 decks)

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