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CompTIA A+ 1001 > 1001 Stuff PT. 2 > Flashcards

1001 Stuff PT. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

RAM installation facts..

A

Use the motherboard book to make sure you’re installing the right RAM capacity and speed. Line up notch and drop it straight into the slot, watch when the system boots to verify the system sees the installed RAM, make sure RAM is fully installed and channels are properly filled.

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2
Q

DDR4 RAM modules have how many pins?

A

288 pins

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3
Q

How many pins do DDR2 and DDR3 modules have?

A

240 pins

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4
Q

Which technology makes simultaneous access to multiple RAM modules?

A

Dual-channel memory

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5
Q

Which RAM would typically be installed into a laptop computer?

A

SO-DIMMs

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6
Q

What types of RAM can function even if one of the memory chips fail?

A

ECC

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7
Q

In what order should memory slots be populated?

A

Whatever order the motherboard manual specifies.

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8
Q

What are Basic input/output services (BIOS)?

A

A language that’s able to speak to device drivers

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9
Q

Are BIOS programs code?

A

Yes

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10
Q

If the firmware was corrupted what would be used as backup?

A

Backup BIOS

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11
Q

BIOs facts..

A

BIOS programming enables interaction with motherboard before OS loads, BIOS is stored in nonvolatile media, called firmware, POST routines are built into firmware, the system setup utility is also part of the firmware

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12
Q

What’s a power on self test (POST)?

A

s a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on.

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13
Q

What do beep codes do?

A

POST codes that beep regarding specific PC errors.

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14
Q

How does a no RAM code sound?

A

The no RAM code will beep until you power the system down.

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15
Q

What does a POST card do?

A

It’s a plug in with two characters that lets you know something is going on with what’s been put into the motherboard and etc.

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16
Q

POST facts..

A

POST runs at boot, requesting devices to self check. POST errors manifest as specific beep codes or display (text) codes. POST cards enable testing of “dead” computers.

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17
Q

What’s Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)?

A

Specifies a system interface in a pre-boot environment.

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18
Q

What’s a system setup?

A

A place on the computer you can access to edit and make changes on BIOS.

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19
Q

System setup facts..

A

UEFI replaces traditional 16-bit BIOS in modern systems, system setup enables custom information about changeable devices, system setup enables changes to CPU frequencies, RAM timings, BIOS passwords, boot options, and more.

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20
Q

What are complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS)?

A

A small amount of memory on a computer motherboard that stores the BIOS settings.

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21
Q

What’s Single Flash ROM chips (Flash memory)?

A

You can use this if you want to update and reprogram the built in BIOS.

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22
Q

If you don’t have a CMOS battery in your motherboard system what can happen?

A

Your time will slow down, data disappears.

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23
Q

What does flashing the ROM mean?

A

You’ll update all the firmware on the flash chip.

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24
Q

Troubleshooting firmware facts..

A

The real-t external time clock battery keeps system time without external power. System setup allows for changes; exit without saving is an option, reset system setup for defaults, flash the ROM chip to update firmware.

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25
Q

BIOS programs that enable hardware to function are called what?

A

Services

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26
Q

Which is found in BIOS?

A

Services

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27
Q

What is the primary purpose of POST?

A

It performs diagnostic tests before booting the operating system.

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28
Q

For which failures would you expect POST to issue beep codes?

A

Video Card

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29
Q

How would a technician start the system setup program?

A

Press a certain key before the computer boots the operating system.

30
Q

To prevent random people from booting the OS, a technician should do what?

A

Set a user password

31
Q

Which is more likely to cause a computer’s reported time to fall behind?

A

The CMOS battery is weak or failing.

32
Q

Which battery provides power to the RTC and CMOS chip?

A

CR2032

33
Q

What are form factors?

A

Sizes and dimensions dealing with the motherboards, cases, and power supplies.

34
Q

What’s are the different form factors?

A

ATX 12 by 9.6, MicroATX 9.6 by 9.6 inches, and Mini-ITX it’s the smallest form factor. ITX which is a ITX that’s a larger version of the mini ITX

35
Q

Form factors facts..

A

Motherboards and cases follow standardized form factors, common form factors are ATX, micro-ATX, and Mini-ITX, and power supplies offer standardized connectors.

36
Q

What are the two names of the early chipsets?

A

Northbridge and Southbridge

37
Q

Chipset facts..

A

Chipsets combine functions from many single function chips, early chipsets offered Northbridge and Southbridge, Modern chipsets feature Southbridge (CPU handles Northbridge functions), chipsets define RAM capacity, USB capabilities, and much more.

38
Q

What are SATA cables for?

A

Cables used to connect hard drives and solid state drives to the system.

39
Q

What are a motherboard’s capacitors?

A

A capacitor is a tiny electrical component soldered to the motherboard. A capacitor conditions DC voltage to other components (e.g. the video card, hard drive, sound card etc) as a way to provide a steady stream of power. Finally, a capacitor can also hold or store an electric charge to be discharged at a later time, such as in the case of a camera flash.

40
Q

What’s a 16 lane PCIe?

A

A PCIe lane is a set of four wires or signal traces on a motherboard. Each lane uses two wires to send and two wires to receive data allowing for the full bandwidth to be used in both directions simultaneously.

41
Q

What’s parallel vs. serial?

A

In parallel communication the various data bits are simultaneously transmitted using multiple communication links between sender and receiver. In serial communication the data bits are transmitted serially over a common communication link one after the other.

42
Q

Motherboard touring facts..

A

The motherboard manual provides essential setup information, motherboards come with cables, standard connectors, and more, PCIe is the most common expansion bus, it offers multiple lanes.

43
Q

What are standouts on a case?

A

They are things onto which the motherboard is placed to keep it in place.

44
Q

What are pass throughs for?

A

Made to allow a pass through with to the motherboard without having a mess of wires together.

45
Q

Touring case facts..

A

cases offer standard standouts for mounting various form factors, better cases offer cable management features, pick a case that has support for number and type of drives.

46
Q

Installing motherboard tips

A

Install and test CPU and RAM on motherboard before putting in case, install I/O shield and triple check standoff positions. Mount motherboard and connect motherboard cables, use the motherboard manual if necessary.

47
Q

The largest motherboard form factor is?

A

ATX

48
Q

Which is true of an I/O shield?

A

The I/O shield is customized to fit the motherboard I/O area.

49
Q

Which chip is typically found on modern motherboards?

A

The south bridge

50
Q

The job of the South Bridge is to act as the interface between the CPU and what?

A

Slow hardware.

51
Q

Which is typically not found on a motherboard?

A

SATA cables

52
Q

Connectors with cables that plug into the motherboard are known as what?

A

Dongles

53
Q

Keeping the wires in a case neat, out of the way and easy to identify is called what?

A

Cable management

54
Q

Which critical components are found on the outside of the case?

A

Front-panel connections

55
Q

Which is it best to do before mounting the motherboard in the case?

A

test the motherboard with a CPU and RAM installed.

56
Q

Which must be done before installing a motherboard into a case?

A

Install the I/O shield.

57
Q

What do step down transformers do.

A

Convert AC power into DC power.

58
Q

What are the 3 types of power that power supplies provide?

A

12 volt (yellow), 5 volt (red), 3.3 volt (orange)

59
Q

What’s ATX12V

A

Extensions that allow more electricity to be put into the motherboard.

60
Q

Power Supply facts…

A

Power supplies transform AC from wall outlet to DC for the computer, standard connectors for motherboard are 20-24 pin ATX and 4-8 pin P4, use Molex and SATA connectors for peripherals and drives

61
Q

Mounting power supply facts..

A

Mount power supply in case with four screws, orient the power supply so fans draw air from system, connect motherboard primary and secondary power, modular PSUs offer less cable clutter than non-modular PSUs

62
Q

In electricity volts x amps equal what?

A

Watts

63
Q

What’s the 80 plus ratings system?

A

The 80 Plus system is set up to rate the efficiency of power supplies. Every power supply certified by the 80 Plus standard is at least 80-percent efficient at 20-, 50-, and 100-percent of the load

64
Q

When choosing a power supply..

A

Get a PSU with a little more wattage than the system needs, shop for higher efficiency power supplies, modular power supplies cut down on cable clutter.

65
Q

What’s a heat sink for?

A

A tool to get rid of heat on a PC.

66
Q

What happens when the system overheats?

A

It reboots.

67
Q

What do PWM connectors help do?

A

Help the CPU speak to the fan.

68
Q

Cooling your PC facts..

A

A heat sink draws heat from electrical components, fans blow heated air through and out of the system, fan speed and noise can be controlled through firmware or software.

69
Q

What’s a multimeter V with a squiggle for?

A

AC

70
Q

What’s a multimeter V with line and three dots for?

A

DC

71
Q

Troubleshooting with power supplies facts..

A

Power supplies die fast with burning smell, smoke, or both. Power supplies die slowly and cause intermittent problems, use PSU tester or multimeter to test power supplies.

CompTIA A+ 1001 (2 decks)

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