100 concepts Flashcards
Where does a clavicle fracture typically take place?
At the weakest part of the clavicle-
junction of medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3 of bone
What is the characterisitic appearance of someone with clavicle fracture?
patient supporting sagging limb with opposite hand
What is at risk for fractures of middle third of clavicle?
subclavian vessels and trunks of brachial plexus-
they are only behind subclavius muscle
What is injured in fracture of the surgical neck of humerus?
Axillary Nerve
Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery
What is injured in fracture of midshaft of humerus?
Radial Nerve
Profunda Brachii artery
Origin of Brachialis Muscle
What is damaged in a fracture of the supracondylar region of the humerus?
Median Nerve
Brachial Artery
What is damaged in a fracture of the medial epicondyle of humerus (funny bone)?
ulnar nerve
What is the most common fracture of the forearm after 50?
Transverse fracture within 2 cm of distal radius
What is a Smiths Fracture?
Fall or blow on dorsal aspect of flexed wrist
ventral angulation of wrist
distal fragment of radius ANTERIORLY Displaced
What is a Colle’s Fracture?
Result of forced EXTENSION OF HAND
trying to BREAK FALL
Distal Fragment displaced dorsally– “Dinner Fork Deformity”
Often ulnar styloid process is avulsed off
What is the usual cause of a scaphoid fracture?
Fall onto palm, when hand is abducted
Where does pain usually occur in a scaphoid fracture?
lateral side of wrist, esp during wrist extension and abduction
How long might it take for a scaphoid fracture to appear on x-ray?
2 to 3 weeks
But deep tenderness will be present in anatomical snuff box
What part of the scaphoid might undergo avascular necrosis in scaphoid fracture?
proximal fragment
What structures are most at risk in a scaphoid fracture?
radial artery and superficial branch of radial nerve
