10. X ray production Flashcards
What are the two ways x rays are made?
- Through charectorisitic radiation
- Through Brehmmstralung radiation
What shell is closest to the nucleus?
The K shell
What type of radiation is florescence?
Charectoristic radiation
How much of the beam intensity does charectoristic radiation contribute to? What is the range of kVp that it is created at?
Charectoristic radiation contributes to 0-10% of beam intensity. Range of kVp is 70-150 kVp
How is a photon formed though charectorisitc radiation?
- High speed e- travelling through the tube hit the tungsten atoms
- An e- in the tungsten atom is knocked out of orbit
- The subsequent e- move into the new spaces in the shell avalible since they are excited, and release energy in the form of an x ray photon as they move.
How is charectorisitc radiation named?
Based off of which shell the e- move to
(k charectorisitc, ect.)
What would release more energy; multi-level transitions, or single level transitions?
Multi level
higher transitions=higher energy=higher energy photons
What removes low energy photons?
Filtration
What is the k shells binding energy?
69.5 keV
How does Bremsstrahlung radiation produce x ray photons?
- As the e- travels in the tube, it is attracted to the tungsten atom, and slightly changes direction to go closer to the nucleus
- As it changes direction, the e- slows down and releases energy as it turns
- Energy lost is converted into x ray photons
In bremmstahlung radiaton, how is higher energy photons created?
The sharper the turn of the e-, the more energy lost, which creates higher energy photons
Why is it that with a higher energy e-, we can create more photons with Bremms radiaton?
After interacting with a tungsten atom, it can continue to interact with other tungsten atoms due to its high energy
What are the different energy levels that charecterisitc radiation exists at?
- Discrete spectrum
- Line spectrum
- Homogenous spectrum
- Monoenergetic spectrum
How could the same energy photon as the energy of the e- travelling in the tube be created?
Bremms
The e- would have to collide with the nucleus directly, without turning
What are the different ways to describe Bremms energies?
- Heterogenous
- Continuous
- Polyenergetic
Define Intensity as a rate
Energy/area/time
What affects the quality of charectorisitc radition intensity?
-Affected by changing the atomic #
-photons can only exist at the max energy of whatever the atomic # is.
What affects the quantity of charectorisitc radiation intensity?
- kVp
- Ripple
- mA
- Z#
How does increasing the kVp affect the quantity of charectoristic radiation?
As you increase kVp, you increase the amount of energy availbie to create photons since it has a higher chance to interact with k shell.
How does decreasing ripple affect the quantity of charectorisitc radiation?
Decreasing ripple causes more e- to have the peak energy to make photons
Because we need a certian kVp to make char. radiation
How does increasing the mA affect the quanitity of charectorisitc radiation?
Increasing mA allows **more ** e- to make photons
How does increasing the atomic number affect charectorsisitc radiaton quanitity?
If the binding energy of the atom is close the the energy of the e- travelling through the tube, there is more chance that there will be an interaction.
The energy of the e- and the binding energy should not be too far off from eachother
What affects the quality of Bremms radiation intensity?
- kVp
- Ripple
- Z#
What affects the quantity of Bremms radiation intensity?
- kVp
- Ripple
- mA
- Z#
