10. Valvular Heart Disease Flashcards
Test of choice for valvular heart disease (generally)
Echocardiogram
Mitral stenosis symptoms
MOST COMMON - exertional dyspnea
A fib
Mitral stenosis signs
Opening SNAP, diastolic rumble murmur
Mitral stenosis diagnosis
EKG = A fib
Echo is test of choice
Mitral stenosis treatment
Treat A fib and fluid
Mitral regurgitation symptoms
Exertional dyspnea
Mitral regurgitation signs
Systolic, high pitched murmur
Best heard in axilla
Mitral valve prolapse etiology
Degenerative
Marfans, IE
Mitral valve prolapse signs
Systolic CLICK
Aortic stenosis etiology
Calcification
Rheumatic
Aortic stenosis symptoms
HF (LVH)
Angina
Syncope
Aortic stenosis signs
Low, slow-rising carotid pulse
Systolic murmur (aortic area, radiates to carotids)
S4 due to LVH
Aortic stenosis treatment
If symptomatic = valve replacement
Aortic regurgitation etiology
Rheumatic, congenital, calcification
Aortic regurgitation symptoms
Dyspnea, angina, HF
Aortic regurgitation signs
Water hammer/Corrigan pulse
- blood going back into LV
Austin-Flint murmur
- regurge and mitral flows hit each other
Diastolic murmur at left sternal border (sometimes systolic too)
Tricuspid regurgitation etiology
Secondary to right ventricular conditions (pulm HTN)
Tricuspid regurgitation symptoms
Blood builds in neck/abdomen
RHF symptoms - edema
Tricuspid regurgitation signs
JVP distension
RV HEAVE
Systolic murmur
Tricuspid stenosis signs
JVP distension
RV HEAVE
Systolic murmur
Pulmonic stenosis etiology
Tetralogy of Fallot
Rubella syndrome
Pulmonic stenosis signs
Loud, harsh SYSTOLIC murmur
Heard at 2nd and 3rd left intercostal
Pulmonic regurgitation etiology
Tumor
Endocarditis
Pulm HTN
Pulmonary regurgitation signs
Graham-Steel murmur, DIASTOLIC
